Gambaran karakteristik pneumonia pada anak yang dirawat di ruang perawatan intensif anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2013 – 2015
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v4i2.14399Abstract
Abstract: Pneumonia is an acute respiratory tract infection that became a public health problem in the world due to the high mortality in infants and toddlers. This study was aimed to describe the characteristics of pneumonia in children treated at the pediatric intensive care unit Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in 2013 - 2015. This was a descriptive retrospective study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were all children suffering from pneumonia hospitalized at the pediatric intensive care unit Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado in 2013 – 2015. There were 158 cases consisted of 62 patients in 2013, 74 patients in 2014, and 22 patients in 2015. Most of them were males (88 patients) and at the age group <1 year (108 patients). The average pulse was 194.75 beats/minute, the average breathing rate was 60.4 breaths/minute, and the average body temperature was 37.8 ° C. The majority showed retraction at the subcostal area (148 patients), crackles (142 patients), inaudible wheezing (147 patients), clinical symptom as shortness of breath (148 patients), chest X-ray as infiltrate (151 patients), laboratory tests as the average value of hemoglobin was 11.3 g / dL, the average hematocrit was 33.3%, the average of leukocyte count was 45,293/mm3, and the average of platelet count was 364.437/mm3.
Keywords: pneumonia, children, characteristic features
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Abstrak: Pneumonia merupakan penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia karena angka kematiannya sangat tinggi pada bayi dan balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pneumonia pada anak yang dirawat di ruang perawatan intensif RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada tahun 2013-2015. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ialah semua anak yang menderita pneumonia dirawat di ruang perawatan intensif anak di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selang Januari 2013 – Desember 2015. Terdapat 158 kasus dengan rincian 62 pasien pada tahun 2013, 74 pasien pada tahun 2014, dan 22 pasien pada tahun 2015. Didapatkan anak yang menderita pneumonia paling banyak pada jenis kelamin laki-laki (88 pasien) dan kelompok usia <1 tahun (108 pasien). Nilai rerata denyut nadi didapatkan 194,75 kali/menit, laju pernapasan 60,4/menit, dan suhu badan 37,8 ºC. Sebagian besar kasus memperlihatkan retraksi di bagian subkostal (148 pasien), ronki (142 pasien), tanpa wheezing (147 pasien), gejala klinis sesak nafas (148 pasien), gambaran foto toraks adanya infiltrat (151 pasien). Pemeriksaan laboratorium mendapatkan rerata nilai hemoglobin 11,3 g/dL, hematokrit 33,3%, hitung leukosit 45.293/mm3, dan hitung trombosit 364.437/mm3.
Kata kunci: pneumonia, anak, gambaran karakteristik
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