Pengaruh bentuk bubu terhadap hasil tangkapan rajungan portunus pelagicus di perairan pantai Desa Kema tiga Kabupaten Minahasa Utara Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (The effect of pots shape toward the catch of swimming crab in coastal waters Kema Tiga Village)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35800/jitpt.2.5.2017.15029Abstract
Swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the fishery commodities that have high sales value for which raced flavor and high nutritional content. This swimming crab in coastal waters of North Sulawesi usually caught accidentally (by catch) with bottom gillnets. There has been a special fishing gear for crab traps, but not known by local fishermen. The differences of trap shape could increase the fishing power of swimming crab traps; but such scientific information is not widely available yet. Therefore, this research aimed to study the effect of pots shape to catch swimming crab; and identifies the types of biota captured. This research was conducted in the coastal waters of Kema Tiga village, North Minahasa Regency; from September to December 2014; which is based on the experimental method. Bubu six units of traps (three units conical shape, and three other rectangular shape), operated for eight nights to collect data; used scad mackerel bait; and the capture data were analyzed by t test. The catch was 86 swimming crab in total; 56 was caught by conical shape traps, and 30 individuals were caught by rectangular shape traps. Analysis of test showed that t0 = 4.596> t table 0.01; 7 = 3.499, which means that the use of conical shape traps, giving highly significantly different swimming crab catches compared to rectangular shape traps.
Keywords: Swimming crab, trap, mackerel bait, North Minahasa
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ABSTRAK
Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) merupakan salah satu komoditi perikanan yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi karena memiliki rasa yang lezat dan kandungan gizi yang tinggi). Rajungan ini di perairan pantai Sulawesi Utara biasanya tertangkap tanpa sengaja (by catch) dengan jaring insang dasar. Sebenarnya telah ada alat tangkap bubu khusus untuk rajungan, tetapi belum dikenal oleh nelayan lokal. Perbedaan bentuk bubu diduga dapat meningkatkan kemampuan tangkap dari bubu ranjungan; namun informasi ilmiah seperti ini belum banyak tersedia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh bentuk bubu terhadap hasil tangkapan ranjungan; dan mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis biota yang tertangkap. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan pantai Desa Kema Tiga, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara; pada bulan September sampai Desember 2014; yang didasarkan pada metode eksperimental. Enam unit bubu (tiga unit bentuk kerucut terpancung dan tiga unit bentuk empat persegi) dioperasikan selama delapan malam untuk mengumpulkan data; menggunakan umpan ikan layang; dan data dinalisis dengan uji t. Tangkapan total berjumlah 86 ekor; 56 ekor tertangkap dengan bubu bentuk kerucut terpancung, dan 30 ekor tertangkap dengan bubu bentuk empat persegi. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa t hitung = 4,596 > t tabel 0,01;7 = 3,499, yang berarti bahwa penggunaan konstruksi bubu bentuk kerucut terpancung, memberikan hasil tangkapan rajungan yang sangat berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan konstruksi bubu empat persegi.
Kata-kata kunci: Rajungan, bubu, umpan ikan layang, Minahasa Utara.
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