Prevalensi Tuberkulosis Laten Dan Evaluasi Kebijakan Rumah Sakit Berdasarkan Persepsi Tenaga Kesehatan Terhadap Pencegahan Tuberkulosis

Abstract

Abstract: Healthcare workers are vulnerable to Tuberculosis infection due to direct contact with Tuberculosis (TB) patients, therefore it is important to evaluate this problem. Quantitative research aimed to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis among healthcare workers, evaluate preventive measures, and compliance to use PPE among healthcare workers. The objective of the qualitative research was to evaluate management policies and barriers to the implementation of TB prevention programs. Mixed methods were used in this research. In Quantitative research, 12 healthcare workers served in isolation rooms who were willing to undertake the Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) test. In the Qualitative research, ten informants were involved, including the head of the Occupational Health and safety committee, the head of the isolation room, and the healthcare workers. The results of the quantitative research showed that the prevalence of latent TB was 75%. In contrast, they reported having good action of TB preventive control (100%) and good compliance of using PPE (83.3%). In qualitative research, it is revealed that the hospital management's policies and commitment to TB prevention in the hospital are under the 2017 RI ministry guidelines standards, but their implementation may ineffective. It is suggested for hospital management to gave standard treatment to Healthcare workers who were infected by latent TB and improve the implementation of the TB prevention policies.

Keywords : TB Latent, Hospital Policy, Health Workers

 

 

Abstrak: Petugas kesehatan rentan terhadap kasus TB dikarenakan kontak langsung dengan pasien TB, oleh sebab itu penting untuk mengevaluasi masalah ini. Tujuan penelitian kuantitatif yaitu untuk mengevaluasi prevalensi TB Laten pada tenaga kesehatan, tindakan pencegahan, dan kepatuhan menggunakan APD pada tenaga kesehatan. Tujuan secara kualitatif yaitu untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan manajemen dan mengevaluasi hambatan terhadap program pencegahan TB. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methods. Penelitian kuantitatif sebanyak 12 responden yang bertugas di ruangan isolasi dan bersedia dilakukan pemeriksaan Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) test. Penelitian kualitatif 10 informan bersedia untuk ikut dalam penelitian antara lain, ketua komite K3, kepala ruangan isolasi, dan petugas kesehatan. Hasil penelitian kuantitatif diperoleh prevalensi TB laten sebesar 75%, namun tindakan pencegahan TB menunjukan tindakan baik (100%), dan kepatuhan menggunakan APD menunjukkan sebagian besar patuh (83,3%). Penelitian kualitatif diperoleh bahwa kebijakan dan komitmen manajemen Rumah Sakit terhadap pencegahan TB pada petugas kesehatan sudah sesuai standar pedoman Kementerian RI 2017, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masih belum efektif. Saran bagi manajemen rumah sakit untuk melakukan tindak lanjut kepada petugas yang terinfeksi dan meningkatkan kebijakan pencegahan TB laten.

Kata kunci : TB Laten, Kebijakan Rumah Sakit, Tenaga Kesehatan