HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIODEMOGRAFI DAN LINGKUNGAN DENGAN DIARE PADA ANAK BALITA DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI TONDANO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v3i3.10157Abstract
Abstract: Diarrhea is still a health problem in the world which can be seen from the high rates of morbidity and mortality due to diarrhea in children worldwide. In patients with diarrhea, nutrients needed by the body are excreted along with the occurence of body dehydration. Therefore, when a child under five years has diarrhea oftenly, then his/her growth can not be optimal. This was an analytical observational study with a cross sectional approach, conducted in Tondano Watershed during November to December 2014. Subjects were 70 children under five years old. Data were collected by using questionnaires and then were analyzed with the chi-square test. The results showed that there was no correlation between sociodemographic factors (education, occupation, and ages of the mothers), sources of drinking water, and house floors with the occurence of diarhhea (P > 0.05). However, there was a correlation between excreta disposal sites and the occurence of diarrhea (P = 0.003). Conclusion: There was a correlation between excreta disposal site with diarrhea in Tondano watershed and there was no correlation between the level of education, parents’ occupation, maternal age, source of drinking water, and the type of floor house and diarrhea.
Keywords: diarrhea, children under five years, sociodemographic factors, environmental factors
Abstrak: Diare masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia. Masalah tersebut terlihat dari tingginya angka morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat diare pada anak di seluruh dunia. Pada penderita diare, zat-zat makanan yang masih diperlukan tubuh terbuang bersamaan dengan dehidrasi. Oleh karena itu, bila anak balita sering mengalami diare, maka pertumbuhannya tidak akan berlangsung secara optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang, dilakukan di Daerah Aliran Sungai Tondano selama bulan November-Desember 2014. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 70 orang anak. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, dan data dianalisis dengan chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara faktor sosiodemografi yang meliputi tingkat pendidikan ibu (p=0,146), jenis pekerjaan ibu (p= 0,089), dan umur ibu (p=0,053). Untuk faktor lingkungan yang meliputi sumber air minum (p=0,349) tidak berhubungan, jenis tempat pembuangan tinja (p= 0,003) berhubungan, dan jenis lantai rumah (p=0,264) tidak berhubungan. Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara tempat pembuangan tinja dengan diare di Daerah Aliran Sungai Tondano dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan orang tua, usia ibu, sumber air minum dan jenis lantai rumah dengan diare.
Kata kunci: diare, anak balita, faktor sosiodemografi, faktor lingkungan
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