Gambaran prevalensi malaria pada anak SD YAPIS 2 di Desa Maro Kecamatan Merauke Kabupaten Merauke Papua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v4i1.10830Abstract
Abstract: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodia which invade erythrocytes and is diagnosed by the asexual forms in blood. WHO estimated 3,4 billion people were at risk of malaria and 207 million cases of malaria occurred globally in 2012 and 627.000 deaths. Papua Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia that has high malaria rate. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria parasites in students of SD Yapis 2, Merauke, Papua. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were obtained by using simple random sampling associated with active detection by using microscopic examination and the Rapid Diagnostic test. There were 100 children aged between 6-13 years old. The results showed that SD Yapis 2 was categorized as a prevalent medium area with a PR 15%. There were 15% children infected by P. falciparum species. Conclusion: SD Yapis 2 was categorized as a medium prevalent area with Plasmodium falciparum species.
Keywords: malaria, plasmodium falciparum, microscopic examination, rapid diagnostic tests
Abstrak: Malaria adalah penyakit infeksi parasit yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodium yang menyerang eritrosit dan ditandai dengan ditemukannya bentuk aseksual dalam darah. WHO memperkirakan 3,4 milliar orang beresiko terkena malaria dan 207 juta kasus terjadi pada tahun 2012 dan 627.000 kematian. Provinsi Papua merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang memiliki angka kasus malaria cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi parasit malaria pada anak SD Yapis 2, Merauke, Papua. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel diperoleh dengan metode simple random sampling serta dilakukan secara active detection dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopik dan penggunaan Rapid Diagnostic Tests. Sampel diperoleh sebanyak 100 anak usia 6-13 tahun. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa SD Yapis 2 termasuk medium prevalent area dengan PR 15%. Jenis Plasmodium yang ditemukan yaitu P. falciparum menginfeksi anak-anak sebesar 15%. Simpulan: SD Yapis 2 dapat di kategorikan daerah prevalensi sedang (medium prevalent area) dengan spesies malaria P. falciparum.
Kata kunci: malaria, plasmodium falciparum, pemeriksaan mikroskopis, tes diagnosis cepat
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