Kebiasaan Merokok dan Terjadinya Smoker’s Melanosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.8.2.2020.29903Abstract
Abstract: Smoking can lead to a variety of systemic diseases as well as abnormal signs in the oral cavity inter alia smoker’s melanosis. This study was aimed to obtain the description of smoking habit and the occurrence of smoker’s melanosis in general viewed from three smoking indicators, as follows: frequency of smoking, duration of smoking, and types of cigarettes. This was a literature review study. There were 22 literatures consisting of 20 cross sectional studies dan 2 case control studies. The results showed that smoker’s melanosis was more frequent in smokers than in non smokers. Based on the frequency of smoking, smoker’s melanosis was most frequent in heavy smokers, followed by moderate smokers, and light smokers. Based on the duration of smoking, smoker’s melanosis was most frequent in 10-year smokers, followed by 5-to-10-year smokers, and less-than-five-year smokers. Based on the types of cigarettes, smoker’s melanosis was most frequent in smokers of clove/non filter cigarette, followed by smokers of white/filter cigarette, and smokers of both types of cigarette. In conclusion, smoker’s melanosis was more frequent in smokers than in non smokers. The majority of cases were heavy smokers, had duration of smoking more than 10 years, and the type of cigarette consumed was clove/non filter cigarette.
Keywords: cigarettes, smoker’s melanosis.
Â
Abstrak: Merokok dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan. Berbagai penyakit sistemik di dalam tubuh dan tanda abnormal di rongga mulut dapat diakibatkan kebiasaan merokok, salah satunya smoker’s melanosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kebiasaan merokok dan terjadinya smoker’s melanosis secara umum dilihat dari tiga indikator merokok, yaitu frekuensi merokok, durasi merokok, dan jenis rokok. Jenis penelitian ini ialah studi pustaka. Pustaka yang digunakan berjumlah 22 buah, terdiri dari 20 cross sectional study dan 2 case control study. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa smoker’s melanosis lebih banyak ditemukan pada individu yang merokok dibandingkan dengan yang tidak merokok. Berdasarkan frekuensi merokok, smoker’s melanosis paling banyak ditemukan pada perokok berat, diikuti perokok sedang, dan perokok ringan. Berdasarkan durasi merokok, smoker’s melanosis paling banyak ditemukan pada perokok dengan durasi >10 tahun, diikuti durasi 5-10 tahun, dan durasi <5 tahun. Berdasarkan jenis rokok, smoker’s melanosis paling banyak ditemukan pada perokok dengan jenis rokok kretek/non filter/sigaret kretek, diikuti perokok dengan jenis rokok putih/filter, dan perokok dengan jenis keduanya. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah smoker’s melanosis lebih banyak ditemukan pada perokok dibandingkan dengan yang bukan perokok, Mayoritas kasus ialah perokok berat, durasi merokok >10 tahun, dan mengonsumsi jenis rokok kretek/non filter/sigaret kretek.
Kata kunci: kebiasaan merokok, smoker’s melanosis
Downloads
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
