Faktor Risiko Nyeri Punggung Bawah pada Dokter Gigi di Sulawesi Utara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.9.1.2021.33366Abstract
Abstract: Modern design of dental equipment does not totally prevent the profession from experiencing low back pain (LBP). This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of LBP, to analyze risk factors associated with LBP, and to analyze risk factor for LBP among dentists in North Sulawesi. This was a quantitative and analytical study with a cross sectional design. Samples were determined by using the purposive sampling method, namely 148 dentists who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected by using the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) questionnaire to assess the posture of the dentists during treatment by adding individual and occupational characteristics. Further data were analyzed univariately, bivariately, and multivariately by using the SPSS program. The results showed that the prevalence of dentists who experienced LBP was 41,2%. In addition, work position (p=0.043, correlation coefficient Ф=0.166), and the number of patients in a day (p=0.025, r=0.190) had a significant correlation with NPB. In conclusion, work position is the most influential factor of LBP among dentists in North Sulawesi (OR=2.085, CI=95%). It is expected that all dentists should avoid working positions that could harm their musculoskeletal systems.
Keywords: low back pain, dentist
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Abstrak: Perubahan desain peralatan kedokteran gigi yang semakin mutakhir tidak menjadikan profesi dokter gigi terbebas dari keluhan nyeri punggung bawah (NPB). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi NPB dan menganalisis faktor risiko NPB pada dokter gigi di Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Penentuan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling yaitu sebanyak 148 dokter gigi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) untuk menilai postur tubuh dokter gigi saat melakukan perawatan dengan menambahkan karakteristik individu dan pekerjaan. Data selanjutnya dianalisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat dengan program SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi dokter gigi yang mengalami NPB sebesar 41,2%. Selain itu posisi kerja (p=0,043, koefisien korelasi Ф=0,166), dan jumlah pasien per hari (p=0,025, r=0,190) memiliki korelasi yang bermakna dengan NPB. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah posisi kerja merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap NPB pada dokter gigi di Sulawesi Utara (OR=2,085, CI=95%). Diharapkan bagi seluruh dokter gigi dapat menghindari posisi kerja yang dapat membahayakan sistem muskuloskeletal saat melakukan perawatan kepada pasien.
Kata kunci: nyeri punggung bawah, dokter gigi
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