Pengaruh Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut terhadap Persepsi Permasalahan Gingiva Lansia di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Kota Semarang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v9i2.34531Abstract
Abstract: Decrease of physical and cognitive conditions in the elderly makes them become risky for periodontal disease. Lack of knowledge and poor behavior of oral health are the main causes of periodontal disease. Gingival health problems can be detected in the elderly by observing the signs and symptoms of gingivitis. This study was aimed to analyze the influence of knowledge and behaviour of oral health on perception of gingival health problems in the elderly living at Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial (nursery home) Pucang Gading Semarang. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were 74 elderlies at Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Semarang, obtained by using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected by using questionnaire and were analyzed by using the Gamma and Somers’d test followed by multinomial logistic regression test. The results showed that most of the elderly at Pucang Gading Social Rehabilitation Unit had poor oral health knowledge and oral health behavior. Most elderlies had moderate perception of gingival problems. Multinomial logistic regression about the influence of knowledge and behaviour of oral health on perception of gingival health resulted in a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05). In conclusion, there was a significant influence of knowledge and behavior of oral health on the perception of gingival problems in the elderly.
Keywords: oral health knowledge; oral health behaviour; perception of gingival problem; elderly
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Abstrak: Penurunan kondisi fisik dan kognitif pada lanjut usia (lansia) menyebabkan mereka lebih berisiko terkena penyakit periodontal. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya penyakit jaringan periodontal. Permasalahan kesehatan gingiva dapat dideteksi pada lansia dengan mengetahui tanda dan gejala gingivitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap persepsi permasalahan gingiva lansia di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Kota Semarang. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian ini ialah 74 lansia yang tinggal di Unit Rehabilitasi Sosial Pucang Gading Kota Semarang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Gamma & Somers’d dilanjutkan dengan uji regresi logistik multinomial. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa lansia paling banyak memiliki pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang buruk serta persepsi permasalahan gingiva sedang. Hasil analisis uji regresi logistik multinomial mengenai pengaruh pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap persepsi permasalahan gingiva mendapatkan nilai p=0,000 (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh bermakna dari pengetahuan dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap persepsi permasalahan gingiva pada lanjut usia.
Kata kunci: pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut; perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut; persepsi permasalahan gingiva; lanjut usia (lansia)
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