ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY OF FISHES IN BAYAWAN RIVER, NEGROS ORIENTAL, PHILIPINES
Abstract
This study aimed to: 1) identify fish species found in Bayawan River; 2) determine fish abundance and species composition in three segments of the river; 3) characterize physico-chemical and hydrological parameters of the river; and 4) correlate fish abundance and diversity with the physico-chemical and hydrological characteristics of Bayawan River. The fishes of Bayawan River in Negros Oriental, central Philippines were assessed for three sampling months (December 2018-February 2019). Abundance and diversity of fishes were quantified in relation to physico-chemical and hydrological parameters. The data were analyzed using Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (Hˈ), Margalef’s Index (species richness), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (Hˈ) across sampling months ranged from 2.3-3 showing a relatively diverse ecosystem. However, the number of species decreased from December 2018 to February 2019 (27 to 15 species). Twenty six (92.9%) of the fish species are marine species that spend only part of their life in freshwater while two species (7.1%) are truly freshwater species. Generally, the ichthyofauna consists of 28 species belonging to 20 families and were dominated by families Leiognathidae and Carangidae (14.3%). Most abundant species were Deveximentum megalolepis (125), Eubleekeria jonesi (107) followed by Oreochromis niloticus (48) and the rest were represented by 40 individuals and below. It is recommended that future studies should cover temporal differences, covering the wet and dry season.
Keywords: diversity; fishes; limnology; lotic; Negros Island
KELIMPAHAN DAN KEANEKARAGAMAN IKAN DI SUNGAI BAYAWAN, NEGROS ORIENTAL, FILIPINA
ABSTRAK
Penelititan ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengidentifikasi spesies ikan yang ditemukan di Sungai Bayawan; 2) menentukan kelimpahan ikan dan komposisi spesies di tiga segmen sungai; 3) mengkarakterisasi parameter fisika-kimia dan hidrologis sungai; dan 4) mengkorelasikan kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman ikan dengan karakteristik fisika-kimia dan hidrologis Sungai Bayawan. Kajian mengenai ikan-ikan di Sungai Bayawan di Provinsi Negros Oriental, Filipina ini dilakukan selama tiga bulan yaitu pada bulan Desember 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. Kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman ikan dikuantifikasi dalam kaitannya dengan parameter fisika-kimia dan hidrologi. Data dianalisis menggunakan Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index (Hˈ), Margalef's Index (kekayaan spesies), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), dan Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) Indeks Keragaman Shannon-Weiner (Hˈ) selama waktu pengambilan sampel berkisar antara 2,3-3 yang menunjukkan ekosistem yang relatif beragam. Namun, jumlah spesies menurun dari Desember 2018 hingga Februari 2019 (27 menjadi 15 spesies). Dua puluh enam (92,9%) dari spesies ikan adalah spesies laut yang hanya menghabiskan sebagian hidupnya di air tawar sementara dua spesies (7,1%) adalah spesies yang benar-benar air tawar. Umumnya, ichthyofauna terdiri dari 28 spesies yang termasuk dalam 20 famili dan didominasi oleh famili Leiognathidae dan Carangidae (14,3%). Spesies yang paling banyak adalah Deveximentum megalolepis (125), Eubleekeria jonesi (107) diikuti oleh Oreochromis niloticus (48) dan sisanya diwakili oleh 40 individu dan di bawahnya. Disarankan bahwa penelitian di kemudian hari harus mencakup perbedaan temporal yang meliputi musim hujan dan kemarau.
Kata kunci: keanekaragaman; ikan; limnologi; lotic; Pulau NegrosFull Text:
PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.19.2.2019.24841
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