Indeks Pencemaran Lingkungan Sungai Wangi, Desa Beujeng, Kecamatan Beji, Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur

Moh. Awaludin Adam, Ach Khumaidi, Ramli Ramli, Yenny Risjani, Agoes Soegianto

Abstract


Banyaknya limbah cair yang terbuang ke aliran Sungai Wangi memberikan potensi pencemaran. Pencemaran berasal dari limbah pabrik yang sudah berlangsung sejak tahun 2015. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk melakukan analisis kualitas lingkungan Sungai Wangi dan menentukan indeks pencemarannya. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey dan Pengambilan sampel air sungai dilakukan di sekitar aliran sungai Wangi, Desa Beujeng, Kecamatan Beji, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 3 (tiga) area yaitu area industri, area pemukimam dan area pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2020 sampai dengan bulan Juli 2021. Hasil penelelitian menunjukkan adanya kontaminasi logam berat pada Sungai Wangi yang mengandung Pb, Cd dan Hg.  Kadar Pb, Cd dan Hg pada perairan rata-rata sebesar 0,031 ppm, 0,019 dan 0,009 ppm. Nilai tersebut sudah melampaui standar baku mutu PP 22/2021 kelas 3 yang diperbolehkan untuk aliran sungai. Sedangkan beberapa data parameter kualitas air lainnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode pollution index (PI). Metode ini digunakan untuk menentukan indeks pencemaran. Jumlah indeks pencemaran rata-rata (PIrata-rata)  pada Sungai Wangi secara umum (area industri, pemukiman dan pertanian) adalah = 5,503. Indeks pencemaran ini menunjukkan kondisi Sungai Wangi termasuk pada klasifikasi “cemar sedang”.

Kata kunci: Indeks pencemaran; logam berat; sungai wangi

Environmental Pollution Index of the Wangi River, Beujeng Village, Beji District, Pasuruan Regency, East Java

 ABSTRACT

The amount of liquid waste that is wasted into the Wangi River stream provides the potential for pollution. Pollution comes from factory waste that has been going on since 2015. The purpose of this research is to analyze the environmental quality of the Wangi River and determine its pollution index. The research method was carried out by survey methods and river water sampling was carried out around the Wangi river flow, Beujeng Village, Beji District, Pasuruan Regency. Sampling was carried out in 3 (three) areas, namely industrial areas, residential areas and agricultural areas. The study was conducted from June 2020 to July 2021. The results showed heavy metal contamination in the Wangi River containing Pb, Cd and Hg. The average levels of Pb, Cd and Hg in the waters were 0.031 ppm, 0.019 and 0.009 ppm. This value has exceeded the PP 22/2021 class 3 quality standard which is allowed for river flow. Meanwhile, several other water quality parameter data were analyzed using the pollution index (PI) method. This method is used to determine the pollution index. The number of the average pollution index (PI average) on the Wangi River in general (industrial, residential and agricultural areas) is = 5.503. This pollution index shows the condition of the Wangi River is included in the "medium polluted" classification.

Keywords: Heavy metals; pollution index; wangi river

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abumourad, I.M.K., Authman, M.M.N. & Abbas, W.T. 2013. Heavy Metal Pollution and Metallothionein Expression.: A Survey on Egyptian Tilapia, 9(1): 612–619.

Adam, M.A., Maftuch, M., Kilawati, Y. & Risjani, Y. 2019. The effect of cadmium exposure on the cytoskeleton and morphology of the gill chloride cells in juvenile mosquito fish (Gambusia affinis). Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 45(4): 337–343. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ejar.2019.11.011.

Adam, M.A., Maftuch, M., Kilawati, Y., Soegianto, A. & Risjani, Y. 2019a. The effects of acute exposure to cadmium nitrate (CdNO3) on gambusia fish (Gambusia affinis). IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 259(012004): 8. https://doi.org/10.1088/ 1755-1315/259 /1/012004.

Adam, M.A., Maftuch, M., Kilawati, Y. & Tahirah, S.N. 2018. Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollutant in Wangi River Pasuruan and Its Impact on Gambusia affinis. Jurnal Pembangunan Dan Alam Lestari, 9(2): 120–128. https://doi.org/10.21776 /ub.jpal.2018.009.02.09.

Ambarwati, R., Setiawan, F. & Munir, M. 2021. Analisis Kesesuaian Wisata Bahari Ditinjau dari Paramater Fisik Kualitas Perairan serta Persepsi Pengunjung di Pantai Pasir Panjang Desa Wates Kecamatan Lekok Pasuruan Jawa Timur. Jurnal Kelautan, 14(1): 1-10.

Clemow, Y.H. & Wilkie, M. P. 2015. Effects of Pb plus Cd mixtures on toxicity, and internal electrolyte and osmotic balance in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquatic Toxicology, 161: 176–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox. 2015.01.032.

Effendi, H. 2015. Simulasi Penentuan Indeks Pencemaran dan Indeks Kualitas Air (NSF-WQI). Formulasi IKLH (Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup), 1-8.

García, R. & Báez, A.P. 2012. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). In Intech Europe (pp. 1–13). DOI: 10.5772/25925.

Hermawan, C. 2017. Penentuan Status Pencemaran Kualitas Air Dengan Metode Storet Dan Indeks Pencemaran (Studi Kasus: Sungai Indragiri Ruas Kuantan Tengah). Jurnal REKAYASA, 07(02): 1–11.

Islami, A., Akhwady, R. & Mauludiyah, M. 2020. Perubahan Sebaran Limbah Air Panas Pt. Pjb Up Muara Karang Akibat Masterplan Reklamasi. Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 13(3): 228–238. https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v13i3. 7823.

Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum. 2011. Prosedur dan Instruksi Kerja Penentuan Status Mutu Air dengan Metode Storet dan Metode Indeks Pencemaran. In No . : QA/HDR/ANL/04/2011 (Issue 20).

Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup. 2003.

Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 115 Tentang Pedoman Penentuan Status Mutu Air. Jakarta : Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup, 1–15.

Ma, C., Chen, Y., Ding, S., Li, Z., Shi, W.G., Zhang, Y. & Luo, Z.B. 2018. Sulfur nutrition stimulates lead accumulation and alleviates its toxicity in Populus deltoides. Tree Physiology, 38(11): 1724–1741. https://doi.org/10.1093/ treephys/tpy069.

Mandalika, B., Prayoga, T. & Yuliani, E. 2016. Studi Penentuan Status Mutu Air dengan Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran dan Water Quality Index (WQI) di Sungai Dodokan, Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat.

Menteri Lingkungan Hidup RI. 2004. Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup No 51 Tahun 2004 Tentang Baku Mutu Air Laut. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia, 51: 1–13.

Pahlewi, A.D. & Rahayu, H. 2020. Penentuan Status Mutu Air dengan Metode Indeks Pencemaran di Perairan Pasri Putih Situbondo. Cermin: Jurnal Penelitian, 4: 269–280.

Parker, B. W., Beckingham, B.A., Ingram, B. C., Ballenger, J.C., Weinstein, J.E. & Sancho, G. 2020. Microplastic and tire wear particle occurrence in fishes from an urban estuary: Influence of feeding characteristics on exposure risk. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 160(4): 111539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111539.

Peraturan Pemerintah. 2001. Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2001. In Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia (pp. 1–22).

Peraturan Pemerintah No 22 Tahun 2021. 2021. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Pedoman Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia, 1(078487A), 483. http://www.jdih.setjen.kemendagri.go.id

Risjani, Y., Loppion, G., Couteau, J., Yunianta, Y., Widowati, I., Hermawati, A. & Minier, C. 2020. Genotoxicity in the rivers from the Brantas catchment (East Java, Indonesia): occurrence in sediments and effects in Oreochromis niloticus (Linnæus 1758). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(17): 21905–21913. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08575-w.

Rondi, P.A., Maslukah, L. & Atmodjo, W. 2021. Pola Sebaran Horisontal Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Dan Zeng (Zn) Pada Sedimen Di Perairan Muara Sungai Kaligung Tegal. Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 14(1): 11–19. https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v14i1.8481

Sheftiana, U.S., Sarminingsih, A. & Nugraha, W.D. 2017. Penentuan Status Mutu Air Sungai Berdasarkan Metode Indeks Pencemaran Sebagai Pengendalian. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, 6(1): 1–10.

Sudunagunta, D. 2012. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy : A special emphasis on pharmaceutical and other applications. 5(3): 1614–1619.

Talab, A.S., Goher, M.E., Ghannam, H.E. & Abdo, M.H. 2016. Chemical composi-tions and heavy metal contents of Oreochromis niloticus from the main irrigated canals (rayahs) of Nile Delta. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 42(1): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ejar.2016.01.003.

Tomahi, L.Y. 2019. The Effect of Water Salinity Levels on Water Acidity ( pH ) and Water Conductivity in Jeddah Intermediate gifted school Jeddah.

Valadez-vega, C., Zúñiga-Pérez, C., Quintanar-Gómez, S., Morales-González, J.A., Madrigal-Santillán, M., Villagómez-Ibarra, J.R., Sumaya-Martínez, M.T. & García-Paredes, J.D. 2011. Lead , Cadmium and Cobalt (Pb, Cd, and Co) Leaching of Glass-Clay Containers by pH Effect of Food. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 12(4): 2336-2350; https://doi.org/10. 3390/ijms12042336.

Yuliana, Utama Putu, G.N. & Adam, M.A. 2020. Uji Toksisitas Letal Akut Cd2+ Terhadap Gambusia (Gambusia affinis) dan Pengaruh pada Aktivitas Protease. Samakia: Jurnal Ilmu Perikanan, 11(1): 51–57.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.v22i1.36791

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

         

      

My Visitors:

COPYRIGHT NOTICE: Copyright Holder in Jurnal Ilmias Sains is The Author

LICENSE: (CC-BY-NC)