Evolusi Fotosintesis pada Tumbuhan
Abstract
EVOLUSI FOTOSINTESIS PADA TUMBUHAN
ABSTRAKFotosintesis adalah proses sintesis karbohidrat dari bahan-bahan anorganik (CO2 dan H2O) pada tumbuhan berpigmen dengan bantuan energi cahaya matahari. Fotosintesis terdiri atas 2 fase, yaitu fase I yang berlangsung pada grana dan menghasilkan ATP dan NADPH2 serta fase II yang berlangsung pada stroma dan menghasilkan karbohidrat. Molekul air tidak dipecah dalam fotosintesis primitif dan setelah evolusi molekul air dipecahkan melalui 2 fotosistem sehingga O2 dilepaskan ke atmosfir. Fotosintesis berkembang menjadi lebih kompleks secara biokimia sampai terjadinya pemisahan antara respirasi dan fotosintesis beserta regulasinya. Evolusi tipe-tipe fotosintesis seperti C4 dan CAM merupakan akibat menurunnya rasio CO2/O2 dan radiasi yang intensif pada atmosfir.
Kata kunci: C3, C4, CAM
THE EVOLUTION OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN PLANT
ABSTRACT
Photosynthesis is the synthesis process of carbohydrate from inorganic materials (CO2 dan H2O) in plants with pigments using light energy. There are 2 phases of photosynthesis, i.e. phase I that occurs in grana and results in ATP dan NADPH2 and phase II that occurs in stroma and results in carbohydrate. The water molecule was not split apart in the primitive photosynthesis and after evolution the water molecule was oxidized via 2 photosystems, so that O2 was released to the atmosphere. Photosynthesis developed biochemically to be more complex until photosynthesis and its regulation was separated from respiration. The evolution of photosynthesis types, such as C4 and CAM, was resulted from the decrease of ratio CO2/O2 and the intensive radiation in the atmosphere.
Keywords: C3, C4, CAMFull Text:
PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.35799/jis.12.1.2012.398
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