Clinical and laboratory profiles of urinary tract infection among children at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado

Abstract

Abstrak: Infeksi saluran kencing (ISK)masih sering ditemukan pada anak-anak dan berperan dalam tingginya jumlah pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit. Oleh karena itudibutuhkan diagnosis dan penanganan dini terhadap pasien ISK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan profil klinik dan laboratorik ISK pada pasien yang dirawat di Bagian Anak RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini ialah retrospektif menggunakan data pasien dari Desember 2009 sampai Desember 2014. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 65 pasien terdiagnosis ISK berusia 0-15 tahun terdiri dari 37 berjenis kelamin perempuan dan 27 berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Data rekam medik mengenai gambaran klinis dan hasil laboratorium memperlihatkan persentae tertinggi ialah demam (76,6%) diikuti mual dan muntah (26,6%), nyeri perut(17,2%), and diare (14,0%). Pada hasil urinalisisdidapatkan pH urin <6,5 (62,5%) dan pH urin 6,5-8,0 (27,5%). Kuman tersering dari hasil kultur urin ialah Proteus sp. (32,8%), Staphylococcus aureus (20,%), dan Escherichia coli (10,9%). Simpulan: Gambaran klinik dan laboratorik dari anak-anak dengan infeksi saluran kencing di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tidak berbeda bermakna dengan di negara maju dan di negara berkembang lainnya. Walaupun demikian hasil penelitian ini dapat membantu pertimbangan diagnosis dini pada pasien anak.
Kata kunci: infeksi saluran kencing, kultur urin, demam, urinalisis

Abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is still common among children all over the world and cause a significant number of patient admission to the hospital. Keeping in view the high incidence of UTI in children with associated morbidity and mortality, it is imperative to diagnose and to treat the infection as early as possible. This study aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory profiles of UTI among patients admitted at Pediatric Ward Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a retrospective study. Clinical and laboratory presentation of the UTI patients were obtained from the medical records from December 2009 to December 2014. The results showed that there were 65 cases of UTI aged 0 to 15 years in this study consisted of 37 females and 27 males. Fever was the commonest clinical presentation (76.6%) followed by nausea and vomitting (26.6%), flank pain (17.2%), and diarrhea (14.0%). From the urinalysis it was found that the urine pHs were <6.5 (62.5%) and 6.5-8.0 (27.5%). Proteus sp. (32.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.3%), and Escherichia coli(10.9%) were the most common bacteria found in urinary culture. Conclusion: Clinical and laboratory profile of urinary tract infection in children at Pediatric Ward Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado was not significantly different from that of other developing and developed countries. Albeit, it willhelp us in confirming early diagnosis of urinary tract infection among pediatrics patients.
Keywords: urinary tract infection, urine culture, fever, urinalysis