Injeksi asam hialuronat di lapisan dermis menghambat peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 tikus yang dipajan sinar ultraviolet-B (UVB)

Abstract

Abstract: Ultraviolet B (UVB) is a source of free radicals that accelerate aging process, especially in the skin, through the increase of MMP-1. Hyaluronic acid contained in the dermal filler injection may provide a protective effect against skin exposure to UV rays. This study was aimed to prove that intradermal injection of hyaluronic acid could prevent the increase of MMP-1 in UVB-induced rats (Rattus norvegicus). This was a true experimental study with the post test only control group design. Subjects were 30 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), aged 2,5-3 months, weighing 160-180 g, and divided into 3 groups. The control group (P0) was exposed to UV-B only; the treatment group 1 (P1) was exposed to UVB and treated with placebo (aquadest intradermal injection); and the treatment group 2 (P2) was exposed to UVB and treated with hyaluronic acid intradermal injection. After 15 days of treatment, all rats were anesthetized and their skin tissues were prepared for examination of MMP1 levels. The statistic analysis showed that the average level of MMP1 in the P0 group was 24.54±4.39%; in the P1 group was 21.35±2.48% (P < 0.01). The average level of MMP-1 in P2 group was 15.40±3.87%, and was statistically lower than P0 group (P < 0.01) and P1 group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Injection of hyaluronic acid in the dermal layer could prevent the increase of MMP-1 in UVB-induced rats (Rattus norvegicus).
Keywords: hyaluronic acid, MMP-1, UVB

Abstrak: Ultraviolet B (UVB) merupakan salah satu sumber radikal bebas yang dapat mempercepat proses penuaan, khususnya penuaan pada kulit melalui peningkatan MMP-1. Asam hialuronat yang terkandung dalam dermal filler injection dapat memberi efek perlindungan kulit terhadap pajanan sinar ultraviolet. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuktikan bahwa pemberian asam hialuronat intradermal menghambat peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 tikus yang dipapar sinar UVB. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental murni menggunakan post test only control group design. Subjek penelitian ialah 30 ekor tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus), jantan, galur Wistar, berumur 2,5-3 bulan, dengan berat badan 160-180 gram yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 10 ekor tikus. Kelompok kontrol (P0) hanya diberi pajanan UVB; kelompok plasebo (P1) diberikan injeksi aquabidest intradermal serta pajanan UVB; dan kelompok perlakuan (P2) diberikan injeksi asam hialuronat intradermal dan pajanan UVB. Setelah 15 hari perlakuan, seluruh tikus dianestesi kemudian jaringan kulitnya diambil untuk pemeriksaan ekspresi MMP-1 dermis. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa rerata ekspresi MMP-1 pada kelompok P0 ialah 24,54±4,39% dan pada kelompok P1 21,35±2,48% (P > 0,05). Pada kelompok P2, rerata ekspresi MMP-1 ialah 15,40±3,87%, yang secara statistik lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok P0 (P < 0,01) dan kelompok P1 (P < 0,01). Simpulan: Pemberian asam hialuronat intradermal menghambat peningkatan ekspresi MMP-1 tikus yang dipapar sinar UVB.
Kata kunci: asam hialuronat, MMP-1, UVB