AUTOTRANSFUSI PERIOPERATIF

Richardson Tjutanto, Antje A Wuwungan, Hermanus J Lalenoh

Abstract


Abstract: Autotransfusion is a process in which a person receives his/her own blood for transfusion, instead of using other donor blood. Autotransfusion is carried out in circumstances characterized by the loss of one or more blood units. The advantages of this transfusion are in cases of a very rare blood type, minimizing the risk of contagious disease transmission, limited supply of homologous blood, or other medical conditions that are contraindicated to homologous blood. Autotransfusion is also necessary in surgical procedures to prevent excessive blood loss. In preparing an autotransfusion, a thorough comprehension is required, especially the techniques of perioperative autotransfusion as well as the indications and contraindications. The techniques of perioperative autotransfusion are divided into predeposit autologous blood donations, intraoperative blood salvage, postoperative blood salvage, and acute normovolemic haemodilution. Each of these techniques has its indications and contraindications. An example of autotransfusion indications is an orthopedic procedure, and of the contraindications is malignancy. The usage of autotransfusion especially perioperative transfusion can be maximized by using appropriate techniques related to the circumstances and needs of patients.

Keywords: autotransfusion, perioperative, indication, contraindication.

 

 

Abstrak: Autotransfusi adalah proses dimana seseorang menerima darahnya sendiri untuk transfusi, tanpa menggunakan darah donor lain. Autotransfusi ditujukan pada situasi dimana terjadi kehilangan satu atau lebih unit darah. Manfaat autotransfusi yaitu pada kasus golongan darah yang sangat langka, berisiko penularan penyakit menular, pasokan terbatas dari darah homolog, atau situasi medis lain yang merupakan kontraindikasi bagi darah homolog. Autotransfusi juga diperlukan dalam prosedur pembedahan untuk mencegah kehilangan darah yang berlebihan. Dalam mempersiapkan autotransfusi, diperlukan pemahaman mengenai autotransfusi, terutama teknik-teknik autotransfusi perioperatif serta indikasi dan kontraindikasinya. Teknik-teknik autotransfusi perioperatif dibagi atas predeposit autologous blood donation, intraoperative blood salvage, postoperative blood salvage, dan acute normovolemic haemodilution; masing-masing memiliki indikasi dan kontraindikasi. Salah satu contoh indikasi autotransfusi yaitu prosedur ortopedik dan untuk kontraindikasi yaitu keganasan. Penggunaan autotransfusi khususnya perioperatif dapat dimaksimalkan dengan memilih teknik yang sesuai dengan keadaan dan kebutuhan pasien.

Kata kunci: autotransfusi, perioperatif, indikasi, kontraindikasi.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35790/jbm.5.1.2013.2040

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