Keanekaragaman dan Perbedaan Jenis Kupu-kupu (Ordo Lepidoptera) Berdasarkan Topografi pada Tiga Lokasi Hutan di Sulawesi Utara Diversity and Differences type of Butterfly species (Order Lepidoptera) based on the topography of the three forest location in

Abstract

Abstrak

Kupu-kupu merupakan salah satu bagian dari ekosistem yang fungsinya mempertahankan keseimbangan ekosistem dan memperkaya keanekaragaman hayati. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk menganalisis kekayaan, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman dan kemerataan spesies di hutan Danowudu, Masarang dan Kawatak, juga membandingkan jenis kupu-kupu berdasarkan topografi pada ketiga lokasi hutan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di hutan Danowudu, Masarang dan Kawatak dan dilanjutkan di laboratorium dari bulan Maret-Juli 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode transek dan rute dibuat sepanjang 1000 m untuk setiap transek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan, kekayaan dan keanekaragaman spesies kupu-kupu tertinggi di hutan Danowudu. Kemerataan spesies tertinggi di hutan Masarang. Spesies kupu-kupu yang hanya dapat ditemukan di hutan Danowudu (200-240 mdpl) terdiri dari 13 spesies. Spesies kupu-kupu yang hanya dapat ditemukan di hutan kawatak (827-938 mdpl) terdiri dari 7 spesies. Spesies kupu-kupu yang hanya dapat ditemukan di hutan Masarang (1084-1194 mdpl) terdiri dari 3 spesies.

Kata kunci: keanekaragaman, kupu-kupu, Lepidoptera, Sulawesi Utara

Abstract

Butterfly is part of an ecosystem and has function to maintain ecosystem stability and enrich biodiversity. This research aimed to analyze the richness, abundance, diversity and evenness of species in Danowudu, Masarang and Kawatak forest as well as to compare the species of butterflies based on the topography of the three locations of the forest. This research was conducted in Danowudu, Masarang and Kawatak forest and the continued in the laboratory from March to July 2016. This study used a transect method and the route was made as long as 1000 m for each transect. The results showed that the highest abundance, richness and diversity of butterfly species were in Danowudu forest. The highest evenness of species was in the Masarang forest. Butterfly species that was only found in Danowudu forest (200-240 masl) consisted of 13 species. Butterfly species that was only found in Kawatak forest (827-938 masl) included 7 species. Butterfly species that was only found in Masarang forest (1084-1194 masl) comprised 3 species.

Keywords: butterfly, diversity, Lepidoptera, North Sulawesi