Isolasi dan Identifikasi Bakteri Rizosfir Arachis pintoi setelah Inokulasi Mikoriza Arbuskular dan Penambahan Pupuk Organik (Isolation and Identification of Rhizosphere Bacteria in Arachis pintoi after the Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and The Addition of Organic Fertilizer)

Abstract

Abstrak

Arachis pintoi (kacang pinto) sering digunakan sebagai pakan ternak, memiliki kemampuan hidup pada lahan marginal, dan mampu mengembalikan indeks kualitas tanah dari sangat rendah menjadi sedang tinggi, karena adanya bakteri dan fungi yang berperan di lingkungan rizosfir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri rizosfir A. pintoi setelah inokulasi mikoriza arbuskular dan penambahan pupuk organik. Kacang pinto ditanam pada tanah yang diberi 20 g mikoriza arbuskular dan 500 g pupuk organik untuk setiap 3 kg tanah di dalam polibag. Setelah tanaman berusia 6 minggu, sebanyak 10 g tanah diambil dari lingkungan rizosfir kemudian dimasukan ke dalam gelas Erlenmeyer dan ditambahkan dengan 90 ml air suling steril. Sebanyak 1 ml suspensi hasil pengenceran 10^-5 ditebar di atas media Nutrient Agar. Setiap koloni yang tumbuh dimurnikan dan diidentifikasi secara biokimiawi. Dari hasil identifikasi diperoleh 7 jenis bakteri rizosfir yaitu Azotobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Rhizobium sp., Enterebocter sp., Azospirillum sp., Pseudomonas sp., dan Bacillus sp.

Kata kunci: rizosfir, mikoriza arbuskular, Arachis pintoi, kacang pinto

Abstract

Arachis pintoi (pinto bean) is often used as animal feed, has the ability to live on marginal land, and is able to provide soil quality from very low to high, due to the presence of bacteria and fungi that play a role in the rhizosphere. This study aims to identify the rhizosphere bacteria of A. pintoi after inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizae and the addition of organic fertilizer. The pinto beans are grown on soil that has been given 20 g of arbuscular mycorrhizal and 500 g organic fertilizer for every 3 kg of soil in polybags. After the plants were 6 weeks old, 10 g of soil was taken from the rhizosphere environment then placed into the Erlenmeyer glass and added with 90 ml of sterile distilled water. A total of 1 ml 10^-5 dilution, the suspension was spread over onto Nutrient Agar medium. Each growing colony is purified and identified biochemically. From this, 7 types of rhizosphere bacteria was identified, namely Azotobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Rhizobium sp., Enterebocter sp., Azospirillum sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Bacillus sp.

Keywords: rhizosphere, arbuscular mycorrhizae, Arachis pintoi, pinto bean