Diversitas Echinodermata di Pantai Meras Kecamatan Bunaken Sulawesi Utara (Diversity of Echinoderms on the Meras Beach, Bunaken District, North Sulawesi)
Billy R Rompis, Marnix LD Langoy, Deidy Y Katili, Adelfia Papu
Abstract
Abstrak
Echinodermata berperan penting pada ekosistem terumbu karang sebagai bagian dari jejaring makanan. Mereka dapat bersifat herbivora, karnivora, dan/atau omnivora.Kerusakan terumbu karang di Pantai Meras akhir-akhir ini dapat mengancam Echinodermata. Informasi tentang diversitas Echinodermata di Pantai Meras masih sedikit. Oleh karena itu, penelitian tentang diversitas Echinodermata perlu dilakukan di Pantai Meras,Kecamatan Bunaken, Sulawesi Utara. Pengambilan sampel pada tiap lokasi dilakukan pada saat surut terendah dengan menarik 3 garis transek (masing-masing 100 meter) secara vertikal dari garis pantai kearah laut. Petak kuadrat (1 x 1 meter) diletakkan dengan jarak antar kuadrat yaitu 10 meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Echinodermata hidup pada habitat padang lamun, pasir dan terumbu karang baik yang hidup maupun mati. Total species yang ditemukan yaitu 8 spesies yang termasuk anggota dari 3 kelas. Kelas Asteroidea (bintang laut) sebanyak 3 spesies, Echinoidea sebanyak 4 spesies dan Kelas Holothuroidea sebanyak 1 spesies. Diversitas Echinodermata di Pantai Merasadalah antara rendah hingga sedang dengan nilai indeks diversitas Shannon-Wiener (H’) berkisar antara 0,48 – 1,31.
Kata kunci: Diversitas Echinodermata, Pantai Meras, Sulawesi Utara
Abstract
Echinoderms have important role in coral reef ecosystems as part of the food webs. They may be herbivores, carnivores, and/or omnivores. Coral reefs destruction in Meras Beach lately can threaten Echinoderms. There was little information about Echinoderms diversity of Meras Beach. Therefore, research on Echinoderms diversity needs to be done on the Meras Beach, Bunaken District, North Sulawesi. Sampling was carried out at each location at the lowest tide. There were 3 line transects (each 100 meters) located vertically from the shoreline towards the sea. The square plots (1 x 1 meter) placed distance between plots was 10 meters. The results showed that Echinoderms occupied different habitat i.e. sea grass, sand, live and/or coral reefs. Total species found 8 species belong to members of the 3 classes. Asteroidea Class (starfish), Echinoidea Class and Holothuroidea were respectively 3 species, 4 species and 1 species. Echinoderms diversity on the Meras Beach were low to moderate with Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H ') was 0.48 to 1.31.
Keywords: Echinodermata diversity, Meras Beach, North Sulawesi