eBiomedik
type: channel
description: biomedik, medical
publisher: Universitas Sam Ratulangi
language: en-US
publication name: eBiomedik
issn: 2337-330X
copyright: <img src="[binary]" alt="" />
items: Gangguan Sistem Limbik dengan Manifestasi Rasa Takut pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
items: Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik dan Status Gizi dengan Kualitas Hidup Kesehatan Siswa SMP dan SMA
items: Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Buah Sirih (Piper betle L.) dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)
items: Hubungan Perbedaan Ketinggian dengan Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Pelaku Perjalanan dari Dataran Rendah ke Dataran Tinggi dan dari Dataran Tinggi ke Dataran Rendah
items: Perbandingan Kadar D-dimer pada Pasien COVID-19 Bergejala Sedang dan Berat
items: Gambaran Saturasi Oksigen dan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Pasien COVID-19
items: Pengaruh Relaksasi Otot Progresif terhadap Kecemasan
items: Gen-gen pada Infertilitas Pria
items: Tinjauan Onkogenesis dan Morfologi Glioblastoma Multiforme
items: Evaluasi Penggunaan Antikoagulan Profilaksis terhadap Pasien COVID-19
items: Tinjauan Mengenai Manfaat Flavonoid pada Tumbuhan Obat Sebagai Antioksidan dan Antiinflamasi
items: Peran Zinc sebagai Imunomodulator pada Pasien COVID-19
items: Gambaran SpO2 Saat Masuk dan Keluar Rumah Sakit pada Pasien COVID-19
items: Peran Interleukin-6 sebagai Faktor Prediktif Derajat Keparahan COVID-19
items: Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Topikal terhadap Sekresi Melanin
items: Peran Prokalsitonin sebagai Indikator terhadap Tingkat Keparahan Pasien
items: Pengaruh Latihan Push-up terhadap Massa Otot Triceps Pria

Gangguan Sistem Limbik dengan Manifestasi Rasa Takut pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19
type: item
description: Abstract: Limbic system disorders occur during the COVID-19 pandemic which can be measured using the FCV-19S scale. This study aims to determine the differences in fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic. This study used convenience sampling and snowball sampling with a total sample of 422 residents of Gianyar Regency and Manado City. This study used the Mann Whitney test on gender and place of residence and the Kruskal Wallis test on age and occupation. This study obtained p value <0.05 (0.031) for gender, p-value >0.05 (0.834) for age, p-value >0.05 (0.031) in occupation, and p-value <0.05 (0.001 ) at the residence. There are significant differences in fear of COVID-19 by gender, occupation, and place of residence. Further research is needed to study the usefulness of the FCV-19S questionnaire in terms of interventions and other purposes. Keywords: Fear of COVID-19; FCV-19S scale; limbic system disorders Abstrak: Gangguan sistem limbik terjadi selama pandemi COVID-19 yang dapat diukur menggunakan skala FCV-19S. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rasa takut terhadap COVID-19 selama pandemi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik convenience sampling dan snowball sampling dengan jumlah sampel 422 penduduk Kabupaten Gianyar dan Kota Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji Mann Whitney pada jenis kelamin dan tempat tinggal serta uji Kruskal Wallis pada umur dan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil nilai p <0,05 (0,031) pada jenis kelamin, nilai p >0,05 (0,834) pada umur, nilai p >0,05 (0,031) pada pekerjaan, dan nilai p <0,05 (0,001) pada tempat tinggal. Terdapat perbedaan rasa takut terhadap COVID-19 yang signifikan pada jenis kelamin, pekerjaan, dan tempat tinggal penduduk. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mempelajari kegunaan kuesioner FCV-19S dalam hal intervensi dan tujuan lainnya. Kata Kunci: Rasa takut terhadap COVID-19; gangguan sistem limbik; skala FCV-19S
creator: Komang B. K. Nendra
creator: Djon Wongkar
creator: Taufiq Pasiak
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-06-30
publication date: 2022-06-30
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37474

Hubungan Antara Aktivitas Fisik dan Status Gizi dengan Kualitas Hidup Kesehatan Siswa SMP dan SMA
type: item
description: Abstract: Physical activity is useful for improving the quality of life of students' health, and the quality of health life is determined by nutritional status.. Quality of life in adolescents is influenced by various factors including physical health, psychological health, self-perception, parental relationships, financial, environmental and social relationships. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between physical activity, nutrition status with the health quality of life of junior and senior high school students in Kotamobagu City.This study is an analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in Kotamobagu City in September-November 2021. The research sample consisted of 403 junior and senior high school students in Kotamobagu City. The data obtained were analyzed by univariate, and bivariate. Physical activity with physical health with p value = 0.05, physical activity with psychology with p value = 0.02, physical activity and social with p value = 0.02, physical activity with environment with p value = 0.01. The results showed nutrition status with physical health with p value = 0,9, nutrition status with psychology with p value = 0,5, nutrition statuswith social with p value = 0,5, nutrition status with environment with p value = 0,1. Physical activity is correlated with the health quality of life and nutrition status is not correlated with the health quality of life of junior and senior high school students in Kotamobagu City from the domains of physical, psychological, social and environmental health. Keywords: Health Quality of Life; Nutrition Status; Physical Activity Abstrak: Aktifitas fisik bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup kesehatan siswa, dan kualitas hidup kesehatan ditentukan oleh status gizi. Kualitas hidup pada siswa dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor antara lain kesehatan fisik, kesehatan psikologis, persepsi diri, hubungan orang tua, finansial, lingkungan dan hubungan sosial. Tujuan p…
creator: Linna L. J Minggu
creator: Jimmy Posangi
creator: Windy M. V. Wariki
creator: Aaltje E. Manampiring
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37320

Uji Aktivitas Sitotoksik Ekstrak Etanol Buah Sirih (Piper betle L.) dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)
type: item
description: Abstract: Cancer is one of the causes of high mortality rate in the world. Side effects and the high cost of treatment are a problem for cancer sufferers. The use of herbal medicine is increasingly chosen as an alternative cancer treatment because of the fewer side effects and affordable price. Betel (Piper betle L) is one of the plants of Piper genus that is often used as a medicinal plant. This study was aimed to determine the cytotoxic activity test of the ethanol extract of betel fruit against the Artemia salina Leach. The cytotoxic test using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The concentrations given are 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 100 ppm, 10 ppm, 0 ppm. Observations on Artemia salina larvae were carried out for 24 hours after administration of the extract. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of betel fruit has a high toxic value, is the LC50 value of 60.05 ppm. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of betel fruit is cytotoxic and has the potential as an anticancer. Keywords: Cytotoxic test; Betel Fruit (Piper betle L.); Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Abstrak: Kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kematian di dunia. Efek samping dan biaya yang mahal dari pengobatan menjadi masalah bagi para penderita kanker. Penggunaan obat herbal semakin banyak dipilih sebagai pengobatan alternatif kanker dikarenakan efek samping yang lebih sedikit dan harga yang terjangkau. Sirih (Piper betle L) adalah salah satu tanaman dari genus Piper yang sering dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas sitotoksik dari ekstrak etanol buah sirih terhadap Artemia salina Leach. Penelitian uji sitotoksik menggunakan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Konsentrasi yang diberikan yaitu 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 250 ppm, 100 ppm, 10 ppm, 0 ppm. Pengataman pada Artemia salina dilakukan selama 24 jam setelah pemberian ekstrak. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol buah sirih memiliki nilai toksik yang t…
creator: Angelique C. M. Tanan
creator: Fona Budiarso
creator: Widdhi Bodhi
creator: Fatimawali Fatimawali
creator: Billy J. Kepel
creator: Aaltje Manampiring
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37659

Hubungan Perbedaan Ketinggian dengan Perubahan Tekanan Darah pada Pelaku Perjalanan dari Dataran Rendah ke Dataran Tinggi dan dari Dataran Tinggi ke Dataran Rendah
type: item
description: Abstract: The effect of altitude differences to blood pressure changes in someone is known to give various results, where an increase or decrease of altitude will also make an increase or decrease in blood pressure proportionally, or no changes in blood pressure. The most important process that correlate to this blood pressure changes is due to the activation of the autonomic nervous system as a result of the acclimatization. This study was aimed to determine whether the relationship between altitude differences and blood pressure changes among the travelers who traveled from low altitude to high altitude and vice versa. This study is an analytical observational with cross sectional design, involving 50 respondents who have met the inclusion criterias, divided into two groups who traveled from the city of Manado to Tomohon (low to high altitude area) and from the city of Tomohon to Manado (high to low altitude area) and then, the systolic and diastolic and blood pressure was measured in both treatment groups. Then statistical correlation test and hypothesis test of significance were analyzed with SPSS version 25. Based on the statistical correlation test (Pearson product and Kendall's Tau) and hypothesis test of significance (paired T-test and Wilcoxon test), the correlation coefficients and significances of hypothesis tests between the differences in altitude (Manado to Tomohon city and Tomohon to Manado city) and changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure are = 0.897, p = 0.000 < 0.05 and = 0.779, p = 0.048 < 0.05 and = 0.890, p = 0.003 < 0.05 and = 0.907, p = 0.024< 0.05. (significant if p<0.05, with = 0.05). In conclusion, There is a linear, real and significant relationship between changes in altitude, from low to high altitude area, vice versa and changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Keywords: Altitude; low altitude; high altitude; blood pressure; systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure Abstrak: Pengaruh perbedaan ketinggian/ altit…
creator: Fernando P. Salipadang
creator: Vennetia R. Danes
creator: Maya E. W Moningka
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37820

Perbandingan Kadar D-dimer pada Pasien COVID-19 Bergejala Sedang dan Berat
type: item
description: Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a new coronavirus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Clinical symptoms found in COVID-19 patients vary, ranging from mild, moderate, severe, and asymptomatic. It was found that COVID-19 patients with more severe clinical manifestations tended to have higher D-dimer levels compared to patients with milder clinical manifestations. This study aims to identify the concentration and comparison of D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with moderate and severe symptoms. This study used an analytic observational design with a retrospective approach. The research sample amounted to 122 samples derived from medical record data of COVID-19 patients at Sentra Medika Hospital North Minahasa using the purposive sampling method. The levels of D-dimer were then analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. The results of this study showed that D-dimer levels in COVID-19 patients with moderate symptoms ranged from 137-8,916 ng/mL, while in COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms it ranged from 270-30,540 ng/mL. In the Mann-Whitney test, the value of p = 0.000 (p <0.05). The average D-dimer level in COVID-19 patients with moderate symptoms was 1,659 ± 2,170 ng/mL (n=72) while in COVID-19 patients with severe symptoms it was 4,734 ± 5,999 ng/mL (n=50). In conclusion, there is a significant difference between the average D-dimer levels of moderate and severe COVID-19 patients, where the D-dimer level of severe COVID-19 patients is almost three times higher than that of moderately symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Keywords: COVID-19; D-dimer levels; symptoms Latar Belakang: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus corona baru yang disebut Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Gejala klinis yang ditemukan pada pasien COVID-19 bervariasi, mulai dari ringan, sedang, berat, dan asimptomatik. Ditemukan pasien COVID-19 dengan manifestasi klinis…
creator: Kevin J. Walandow
creator: Sylvia R. Marunduh
creator: Joice N. A. Engka
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37914

Gambaran Saturasi Oksigen dan Kadar Hemoglobin pada Pasien COVID-19
type: item
description: Abstract : Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a virus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-). Oxygen saturation of COVID-19 patients below 95% can cause the body to experience a lack of oxygen, which is called Hypoxemia or Hypoxia. Below normal hemoglobin levels is a blood disorder called anemia. In studies related to low hemoglobin levels, it is said that low hemoglobin levels can make COVID-19 patients experience worse outcomes. The aims of this study is to find out the description of oxygen saturation and hemoglobin levels in COVID-19 patients at the Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital. The research used was descriptive retrospective with a cross sectional research design. The study was conducted by looking at the medical record data of COVID-19 patients taken at the Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado. Based on research on 135 patients COVID- 19 are included in the inclusion criteria showed a frequency distribution by sex, male as many as 82 patients (61 %) and female 53 patients (39%). The results of normal oxygen saturation were 112 patients (83%) and the results of normal hemoglobin levels were 102 patients (76%). For oxygen saturation below 95% as many as 23 patients (17%) and low hemoglobin levels in 33 patients (24%). In conclusion, it was found that the results of the oxygen saturation and hemoglobin levels of COVID-19 patients were generally normal because the patients treated were mostly mild and moderate. Keywords: oxygen saturation; hemoglobin level; Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Abstrak : Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit menular diakibatkan oleh karena virus yang disebut Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-). Saturasi oksigen pasien COVID-19 di bawah 95% dapat menyebabkan tubuh mengalami kekurangan oksigen, yang disebut Hipoksemia atau Hipoksia. Kadar hemoglobin di bawah normal adalah kelainan darah yang disebut anemia. Dalam penelitian …
creator: Christofel O. Tompodung
creator: Ivonny M. Sapulete
creator: Damajanty H. C. Pangemanan
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37996

Pengaruh Relaksasi Otot Progresif terhadap Kecemasan
type: item
description: Abstrac: Anxiety is a psychological factor that describes feelings and emotional situations and muscle tension is a psychological response to thoughts that trigger anxiety. Progressive muscle relaxation has the working principle of constrict a group of muscles deliberately and then consciously and spontaneously to stretch certain muscle groups. This study aims to know how the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on reducing anxiety. This research is a literature review and there are 12 pieces of literature reviewed from two databases consisting of 10 randomized controlled trials, one prospective open-label single arm study and one pilot study. According to the search in 12 pieces of literature, it is found that muscle relaxation therapy affects the reduction of anxiety and gives relaxation effects on the whole body. In onclusion, implementation of muscle relaxation therapy is influential in reducing anxiety that can be seen in a significant difference of before and after performing progressive muscle relaxation interventions. Keywords: Anxiety; Muscle Relaxation; Progressive Muscle Relaxation Abstrak: Kecemasan merupakan faktor psikologis yang menggambarkan perasaan serta keadaan emosional dan ketegangan otot adalah respons psikologis tubuh terhadap pikiran yang memicu kecemasan. Relaksasi otot progresif memiliki prinsip kerja dengan sengaja menegangkan kelompok otot dan kemudian secara sadar dan spontan melakukan peregangan pada kelompok otot tertentu. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh relaksasi otot progresif terhadap penurunan kecemasan. Penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian literature review. Ada 12 literatur yang diulas dari penelusuran dua database dan terdiri dari 10 penelitian randomized controlled trial, satu prospective open-label single arm study dan satu pilot study. Berdasarkan penelusuran 12 literatur didapatkan bahwa terapi relaksasi otot berpengaruh dalam menurunkan kecemasan sehingga memberikan efek relaksasi pada seluruh tubuh…
creator: Selly Alvionita
creator: Djon Wongkar
creator: Taufiq F. Pasiak
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37507

Gen-gen pada Infertilitas Pria
type: item
description: Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the genes in male infertility and their roles, as well as to determine the quality abnormalities of spermatozoa in male infertility caused by genetic mechanisms. This research is a literature review conducted by collecting literature on the Pubmed database using the keywords “Gene” and “Male Infertility”, as well as determined criteria. This study obtained 14 literatures according to the existing criteria. The genes in male infertility are WDR19, ADGRG2, CFTR, SPATA, DNAJB13, TDRD, CHD7, DNAAF6, DNAH9, FKBPL, CFAP47, and USP26. The abnormalities obtained were azoospermia, oligozoospermia, asthenoteratozoospermia, and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. The mechanisms of the genes involved in the above disorders are gene mutations and hypermethylation. In conclusion, ADGRG2, CFTR, CHD7, FKBPL gene mutations and the TDRD gene group and hypermethylation of the SPATA gene group were found in men with infertility who had abnormalities in spermatozoa concentration (oligozoospermia or azoospermia). DNAJB13 and DNAH9 gene mutations were found in men with infertility who had decreased sperm motility (asthenozoospermia). WDR19, DNAAF6, CFAP47, and USP26 gene mutations were found in infertile men with decreased spermatozoa motility and morphology (asthenoteratozoospermia). The CFTR gene mutation was observed in men with infertility with decreased concentration, motility, and morphology of spermatozoa (oligoasthenoteratozoospermia). Keyword: Gene; Male infertility; Spermatozoa concentration; Spermatozoa motility; Spermatozoa morphology Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gen-gen pada infertilitas pria beserta peranannya, serta mengetahui kelainan kualitas spermatozoa pada infertilitas pria yang disebabkan mekanisme genetika. Penelitian ini merupakan studi pustaka (literature review) yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan literatur pada database Pubmed menggunakan kata kunci “Gene” and “Male infertility”, serta kriter…
creator: Enrico G. Pairunan
creator: Janette M. Rumbajan
creator: Grace L. A. Turalaki
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38045

Tinjauan Onkogenesis dan Morfologi Glioblastoma Multiforme
type: item
description: Abstract: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a brain tumor which in its oncogenic process involves many oncogenes. Recent studies have discussed new oncogenes that play roles in GBM oncogenesis. GBM also have a variety of microscopic appearances. The aim of this study is to review recent studies regarding GBM oncogenesis and morphology. The design of this study is literature review and PICOS framework as the selection criteria. Glioblastoma stem-cells (GSC) play an important role in the oncogenesis of GBM. GSC cell-surface markers, signaling pathways, components resulting from the hypoxic microenvironment, components that induce GBM vascularization and the presence of proteins that play a role in GBM oncogenesis. Abnormalities in GBM are located in 4 regulatory genes that cause rapid growth of GSC without the ability to stop, hence a tumor lesion appears. The morphology featured in this study are small cell GBM, giant cell GBM and epithelioid GBM. The diagnostic markers of GBM are nuclear necrosis, cell palisade, microvascular proliferation, atypical nuclei, and high mitotic. Keywords: Oncogenesis; Morphology; Glioblastoma Multiforme Abstrak: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) merupakan sebuah tumor pada jaringan otak yang dalam proses onkogenesisnya melibatkan banyak onkogen. Banyak studi terkini yang membahas mengenai onkogen baru yang berperan dalam onkogenesis GBM. Tumor ini juga memiliki gambaran mikroskopik yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau studi terkini mengenai onkogenesis dan morfologi GBM. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah literature review dengan menggunakan kriteria seleksi PICOS framework. Glioblastoma stem-cells (GSC) memainkan peran yang penting dalam onkogenesis GBM. Cell-surface markers GSC, signaling pathways, komponen yang dihasilkan dari hypoxic microenvironment, komponen yang menginduksi vaskularisasi GBM serta protein-protein tertentu, merupakan faktor-faktor yang berperan dalam onkogenesis GBM. Abnormali…
creator: Elvina M. C. Pangestu
creator: Meilany F. Durry
creator: Maria Sambuaga
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38022

Evaluasi Penggunaan Antikoagulan Profilaksis terhadap Pasien COVID-19
type: item
description: Abstract: The occurrence of hyperinflammation in COVID-19 patients results in increased activation of the coagulation cascade and excessive thrombin production. Coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 is associated high risk of VTE with an increased risk of death. Prophylactic anticoagulation has been recommended for the prevention of thromboembolic events in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the evaluation prophylactic anticoagulants related to the type, dose, administration, and outcome for COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized with moderate, severe, to critical degrees. The research method used is a literature review. The results showed that types of anticoagulant prophylaxis used in hospitalized COVID-19 patients are parenteral anticoagulants namely LMWH, UFH, and fondaparinux. The most widely used anticoagulant is LMWH, especially enoxaparin with a standard dose of 30-40 mg OD or BID adjusted for CrCl and BMI administered subcutaneously. Standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulants can reduce mortality without increasing risk of bleeding. Keywords: Prophylactic anticoagulation; COVID-19; hospitalized Abstrak: Kejadian hiperinflamasi pada pasien COVID-19 mengakibatkan peningkatan aktivasi kaskade koagulasi dan produksi trombin yang berlebihan. Koagulopati pada pasien dengan COVID-19 terkait dengan risiko tinggi VTE dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko kematian. Penggunaan antikoagulan profilaksis telah direkomendasikan untuk pencegahan kejadian tromboemboli pada pasien COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui evaluasi penggunaan antikoagulan profilaksis terkait jenis, dosis, teknik pemberian, dan luaran terhadap pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit dengan derajat sedang, berat, hingga kritis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu literature review. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan antikoagulan profilaksis yang digunakan pada pasien COVID-19 yang dirawat di rumah sakit, yaitu antikoagulan parenteral berupa LMWH, UFH, dan fondaparinux. Jen…
creator: Elna D. S. Rante
creator: Edward Nangoy
creator: Jimmy Posangi
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38121

Tinjauan Mengenai Manfaat Flavonoid pada Tumbuhan Obat Sebagai Antioksidan dan Antiinflamasi
type: item
description: Abstract: Flavonoids in medicinal plants can prevent the formation of free radicals and reduce tissue damage due to inflammation. The aim of this study was to examine the role of flavonoids in medicinal plants as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory. The type of research is a literature review using three databases, namely ClinicalKey, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The results of this study showed a number of medicinal plants possess flavonoids that have been associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Kersen leaves, especially quercetin, can prevent damage to the duodenal mucosa. Dissotis rotundifolia plants prevent gastric mucosal damage. Flavonoids, especially from lemon peels, can reduce skin serum MDA levels and increase SOD enzymes due to UVB rays. Kerehau leaves lower MDA levels in the blood. Cyclocarya paliurus leaves induce SOD and T-AOC enzymes in the liver. Juniperus phoenicea leaves increase SOD, Cat, and GSH enzymes and decrease leukocyte count, platelet count, and CRP levels in the dermal layer. Sungkai leaves decreased exudate volume and the number of segmental neutrophils and stem neutrophils. Flavonoids in kelor leaves, sambang getih plant, and Juniperus sabina plant can reduce edema volume. In conclusion, flavonoids in medicinal plants as antioxidant agents can prevent tissue damage, increase endogenous enzyme activities, and reduce serum MDA levels, while as anti-inflammatory agents they can reduce edema volume and inhibit inflammatory mediators. Keywords: medicinal plants; flavonoids; antioxidants; anti-inflammatory Abstrak: Kandungan flavonoid pada tumbuhan obat dapat mencegah pembentukan radikal bebas dan mengurangi kerusakan jaringan akibat peradangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kandungan flavonoid pada tumbuhan obat sebagai antioksidan dan antiinflamasi. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan menggunakan tiga database, yaitu ClinicalKey, PubMed, dan Google Scholar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sej…
creator: Puja A. U. Husna
creator: Carla F. Kairupan
creator: Poppy M. Lintong
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38637

Peran Zinc sebagai Imunomodulator pada Pasien COVID-19
type: item
description: Abstract: Consumption of micronutrients is essential for maintaining optimal health. Zinc can act as an immunomodulator and is a compound that can interact with the immune system. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Until now, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19, because the has self-limiting properties, so the healing process is influenced by immunity. Various efforts have been made as prevention, one of them being related to nutrition. During the COVID-19 pandemic, immunostimulants are needed to increase the body’s immunity against viral infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of zinc as an immunomodulator in COVID-19 patients. This research is in the form of a literature review using three databases, namely Pubmed, Science Direct, and Clinical Key. The keywords used in the article search were zinc OR seng AND immunomodulator AND COVID-19. After being selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 literatures that met the criteria. The results obtained from all studies show that zinc has a role as an immunomodulator in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, zinc therapy has benefits as an immunomodulator in COVID-19 patients. Keywords: zinc; COVID-19 Abstrak: Konsumsi mikronutrien sangat penting untuk menjaga kesehatan yang optimal. Zinc dapat berperan sebagai imunomodulator dan merupakan senyawa yang dapat berinteraksi dengan sistem imun. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Hingga saat ini tidak ada tatalaksana khusus dalam pengobatan COVID-19, karena virus memiliki sifat self-limitting, sehingga proses penyembuhan dipengaruhi oleh imunitas. Berbagai upaya dilakukan sebagai pencegahan, salah satunya terkait dengan gizi. Di masa pandemi COVID-19 ini, dibutuhkan imunostimulan agar dapat meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh dalam infeksi virus. …
creator: Pamela B. Ratela
creator: Youla A. Assa
creator: Murniati Tiho
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38277

Gambaran SpO2 Saat Masuk dan Keluar Rumah Sakit pada Pasien COVID-19
type: item
description: Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred since 2019 has claimed millions of victims worldwide. An examination that can assess how severe the condition of a COVID-19 patient is is an oxygen saturation test. Pulse oximetry is a tool used to measure oxygen saturation values. This study aims to determine the description of oxygen saturation when entering and leaving the hospital for COVID-19 patients at the Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital, Manado. The method in this study was retrospective descriptive, collecting secondary data in the form of medical records of patients who were confirmed positive for COVID-19. Based on secondary data obtained from January to September 2021, the number of samples in this study was 251. At the time of admission to the hospital 60.1 men and 39.9% women. In the elderly and children there is a significant improvement in saturation where when out of the hospital there is no oxygen saturation below normal. On admission to the hospital the average oxygen saturation was 96.55% and when discharged from the hospital the average oxygen saturation value was 98.11%. %. On discharge from the hospital there were 4 (2%) cases that had oxygen saturation <94%, the four patients were probably referred or forced to go home. In conclusion, there was an improvement in oxygen saturation levels when leaving the hospital for COVID-19 patients at the Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital in Manado for the period January-September 2021 Keywords: Oxygen Saturatio; COVID-19 Abstrak: Pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi sejak tahun 2019 sudah memakan jutaan korban di dunia. Pemeriksaan yang dapat menilai seberapa berat kondisi pasien COVID-19 adalah pemeriksaan saturasi oksigen. Pulse oximetry merupakan alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur nilai saturasi oksigen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran saturasi oksigen saat masuk dan keluar rumah sakit pada pasien COVID-19 di RS Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif ret…
creator: Kevinsi E. Kaligis
creator: Hedison Polii
creator: Vanda Doda
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38027

Peran Interleukin-6 sebagai Faktor Prediktif Derajat Keparahan COVID-19
type: item
description: Abstract: The immune response to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) critically determines the clinical course and severity of COVID-19. Several studies reported that interleukin-6 (IL-6) may be associated with the severity of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to know and understand the role of interleukin-6 as a predictive factor in the severity of COVID-19. This research is in the form of a literature review using two databases: Pubmed and ClinicalKey. The keywords used to search for articles were Interleukin-6 OR IL-6 AND COVID-19 AND Severity OR Keparahan. After being selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 literatures were obtained that met the criteria. The research methods using in the literatures were retrospective and prospective study. All COVID-19 patients included in the study subjects received laboratory examinations including measurements of IL-6 levels. The results of the 10 studies used in this literature review on average show that IL-6 can be used as a predictor of severity or mortality in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, IL-6 may play a role as a predictive factor in the severity of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19; interleukin-6; severity Abstrak: Respon imun terhadap Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) secara kritis menentukan perjalanan klinis dan tingkat keparahan COVID-19. Beberapa studi melaporkan bahwa interleukin-6 (IL-6) dapat dikaitkan dengan keparahan COVID-19. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan memahami peran interleukin-6 sebagai faktor prediktif derajat keparahan COVID-19. Penelitian ini berbentuk literature review menggunakan dua database, yaitu Pubmed,dan ClinicalKey. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel yaitu Interleukin-6 OR IL-6 AND COVID-19 AND Severity OR Keparahan. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan 10 literatur yang memenuhi kriteria. Literatur yang didapat memiliki studi retrospective dan prospect…
creator: Jofanka Jasmine
creator: Diana S. Purwanto
creator: Stefana H. M. Kaligis
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38840

Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Topikal terhadap Sekresi Melanin
type: item
description: Abstract: One of the cosmetic products that are widely used in skin care is topical vitamin C because it is believed to help in reducing hyperpigmentation of the skin by inhibiting the melanin secretion pathway. This study aims to determine the effects of topical vitamin C on melanin secretion. The study was conducted using a literature review method and the literature was taken from 1 database, Pubmed. The keywords used were topical AND vitamin c OR ascorbic acid AND skin pigmentation OR depigmentation OR antipigmentation OR melanin pigmentation OR melanin synthesis OR melanin index OR melanin. The article search used the PICOS framework, and obtained 10 literatures. In the study, it was found that vitamin C had an effect on melanin secretion. Vitamin C works by inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme which affects the initial process of melanin secretion. In conclusion, topical vitamin C has an effect on melanin secretion. Keywords: melanin; melanogenesis; vitamin C Abstrak: Salah satu produk kosmetik yang banyak digunakan dalam perawatan kulit merupakan vitamin C topikal karena dipercaya dapat membantu dalam mengurangi hiperpigmentasi pada kulit dengan bekerja pada sekresi melanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin C topikal terhadap sekresi melanin. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode literature review dan literatur diambil dari 1 database, Pubmed. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah topical AND vitamin c OR ascorbic acid AND skin pigmentation OR depigmentation OR antipigmentation OR melanin pigmentation OR melanin synthesis OR melanin index OR melanin. Pencarian artikel digunakan PICOS framework, dan didapatkan 10 literatur. Pada penelitian didapatkan bahwa vitamin C memiliki pengaruh terhadap sekresi melanin. Vitamin C bekerja dengan cara menginhibisi enzim tirosinase yang berpengaruh pada proses awal sekresi melanin. Sebagai simpulan, vitamin C topikal berpengaruh pada sekresi melanin. Kata kunci: melanin; melanogenesis; vitamin C
creator: Michelle C. J. M. Loho
creator: Elvin C. Angmalisang
creator: Sonny J. R. Kalangi
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37543

Peran Prokalsitonin sebagai Indikator terhadap Tingkat Keparahan Pasien
type: item
description: Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes great challenges in various aspects. The clinical course of the disease can progress rapidly and lead to serious and fatal complications. Thus, it is very important to predict the severity of COVID-19. Several studies have reported that procalcitonin (PCT) can be used to predict the severity of COVID-19 patients. In addition, it has also been reported that mortality in COVID-19 patients is associated with increased PCT levels. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of procalcitonin as an indicator of the severity in COVID-19 patients. This study is in the form of a literature review using three databases: PubMed, ClinicalKey, and ScienceDirect. The keywords used to search for articles were Prokalsitonin OR Procalcitonin AND COVID-19 AND Severity OR Tingkat Keparahan. After being selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 11 literatures were found that met the criteria. The research methods using in the literatures were very varied, which were Retrospective Cohort Study, Prospective Cohort Study, and Cross-sectional Study. The subjects participating in these studies were COVID-19 patients, whom may be accompanied by or without one or more comorbidities. The results from 11 literatures show that PCT level increased both significantly in severe and critical symptom patients (10 literatures) and insignificantly in asymptomatic, mild and moderate symptom COVID-19 patients (5 literatures). In conclusion, procalcitonin can serves be used as an indicator of the severity of COVID-19 patients. Keywords: COVID-19; procalcitonin; severity Abstrak: Penyakit Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) menimbulkan tantangan yang besar dalam berbagai aspek. Perjalanan klinis penyakit tersebut dapat berkembang dengan cepat dan menyebabkan komplikasi serius dan fatal. Dengan demikian, sangat penting untuk memprediksi tingkat keparahan COVID-19. Beberapa studi telah melaporkan bahwa prokalsitonin (PCT) dapat digunak…
creator: Flonschy Q. L. Tamaka
creator: Stefana H. M. Kaligis
creator: Youla A. Assa
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-07-31
publication date: 2022-07-31
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.38836

Pengaruh Latihan Push-up terhadap Massa Otot Triceps Pria
type: item
description: Abstact: Push-up is a bodyweight training that can help build upper body strength and increase muscle size. Muscle size increase especially the m. triceps brachii which is one of the muscles that works the most when doing push up. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of push up exercise on the triceps muscle mass. Methods: This is study conducted on two groups: the pretest and posttest design. The subjects were a combined number of 50 males, from the Exclusive gym Manado and students from Sam Ratulangi University Class of 2018, forming 2 groups. Triceps muscle mass was measured using a skinfold caliper in units (mm) during the span of 6 weeks. Results: After obtaining the research data, the Wilcoxon test was conducted in the groups to determine the difference before and after the exercise. In the first group, male members from Exclusive gym Manado, the result is <.001. This result indicate that push up exercise is effective towards the tricep mass. In the second group, non-member gym (Students of Sam Ratulangi University Class of 2018), the results were >.001. In conclusion, push up exercises shows an effective result on triceps muscle mass in male members at the Exclusive gym Manado. Keywords : Triceps, Muscle mass, Push-up Exercise Abstrak: Push-up merupakan bentuk latihan beban yang menggunakan beban berat badan sendiri untuk memperkuat tubuh bagian atas dan menambah massa otot. Pembesaran pada otot terutama pada m. triceps brachii yang merupakan salah satu otot yang bekerja saat melakukan push-up. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan push-up terhadap massa otot triceps. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental lapangan dengan rancangan two group pretest dan posttest. Subjek penelitian adalah memper pria di Exclusive gym Manado dan mahasiswa Universitas Sam Ratulangi Angkatan 2018 dengan total subjek penelitian yaitu 50 orang yang dibagi ke dalam dua grup. Massa otot triceps diukur menggunakan skinfold ca…
creator: Rafael J. Tambuwun
creator: Fransiska Lintong
creator: Maya E. W. Moningka
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 e-Biomedik
date: 2022-08-01
publication date: 2022-08-01
volume: 10
number: 1
doi: 10.35790/ebm.v10i1.37879