HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN KEPARAHAN STROKE

Abstract

Abstract: Sleep problems are commonly found in stroke patients. The risk for stroke is higher in patients with sleep disorders. Sleep-awake disorders prevalence is 20-40% among stroke patients. Sleep quality could influence the level of severity of stroke. In Indonesia, there is limited publication about the influence of sleep quality to the severity of acute stroke. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between sleep quality before stroke and the severity of acute stroke. This was a cross-sectional study. All stroke patients treated in Neurological wards were selected with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sleep quality was measured with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Levels of severity of acute stroke were determined with NIHSS score. Univariate data were descriptively analysed. Bivariat data were conducted to compare sleep quality (good/poor) and level of severity (mild/moderate/severe). Chi square test was applied with a p<0.05 of significancy level. The results showed that of 102 patients, the average age was 59.4 year (SD 11.6), age range was 28-87 years old. Male patients were 55% of all cases. The average of GCS score was 13.31 (SD 2.6). Based on PSQI criteria, we found 21.8% of patients with good sleep quality and 78.2% with poor sleep quality. Based on NIHSS score we found 25.5% of patients with mild, 58.8% with moderate, and 15.7% with severe disability. The chi-square test showed a p value 0.762 (>0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between sleep quality and the severity of acute stroke.
Keywords: sleep quality, NIHSS, acute stroke

Abstrak: Stroke merupakan masalah besar bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Risiko terkena stroke lebih besar terjadi pada pasien dengan gangguan tidur. Prevalensi gangguan tidur-bangun dilaporkan sebesar 20-40% pada pasien yang terkena stroke. Kualitas tidur memengaruhi keparahan dan prognosis stroke. Di Indonesia, masih sedikit data yang dipublikasi mengenai pengaruh kualitas tidur terhadap keparahan stroke akut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas tidur sebelum stroke dengan tingkat keparahan stroke akut. Desain penelitian ini ialah potong lintang. Seluruh pasien yang dirawat di seluruh ruang Neurologi dijadikan subyek penelitian dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kualitas tidur diukur dengan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Tingkat keparahan stroke akut dinilai dengan skor NIHSS. Metode statistik deskriptif dikerjakan pada data-data univariat. Analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan hubungan kualitas tidur (baik/buruk) dengan derajat defisit neurologi (ringan/sedang/berat). Digunakan uji Chi square dengan acuan signifikansi p<0.05. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan rerata usia pasien 59,46 tahun (SD 11,6) dengan kisaran usia 28-87 tahun. Pasien laki-laki ditemukan sebesar 55%. Rerata GCS 13,31 (SD 2.6). Pada pengukuran kualitas tidur menurut kriteria PSQI didapatkan kualitas tidur baik sebesar 21,8% dan kualitas tidur buruk sebesar 78,2%. Berdasarkan derajat defisit neurologik menurut nilai NIHSS didapatkan defisit neurologik ringan sebesar 25,5%, sedang 58,8%, dan berat 15,.7%. Uji Chi-square menunjukkan nilai p 0,762 (>0.05). Simpulan: Tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara kualitas tidur sebelum stroke dengan tingkat keparahan stroke akut.
Kata kunci: kualitas tidur, NIHSS, stroke akut