GAMBARAN ANEMIA DEFISIENSI BESI PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK STADIUM V YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS DI INSTALASI TINDAKAN HEMODIALISIS RSUP PROF. DR. R.D. KANDOU MANADO

Felix E. Suyatno, Linda W. A. Rotty, Emma S. Moeis

Abstract


Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathophysiological process with varied etiology, results in progressive decrease of renal function, and generally ends up with renal failure. Data from Indonesian Association of Nephrology (PERNEFRI) in 2012 showed that 83% of all patients who underwent hemodialysis were with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) which is the terminal stage of CKD. In patients with CKD, there can be a wide variety of complications; one of them is anemia. This study aimed to obtain the overview of iron deficiency anemia of stage V CKD patients who were treated with hemodialysis in hemodialysis center of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Central General Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional approach conducted from October to December 2015 in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. Variables were age, sex, laboratory result, duration of hemodialysis, and the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia. The results showed that there were 39 samples; females were 21 patients (53.8%). The largest age group was >60 years with 16 patients (41%). The degree of anemia mostly found was the moderate degree with 26 patients (66.7%). Five patients (12.8%) were diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Conclusion: In this study, the most common degree of anemia was moderate, followed by severe and slight anemia consecutively. Iron deficiency anemia cases were 12.8%.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease, iron deficiency anemia, serum iron, transferrin saturation

 

Abstrak: Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) adalah suatu proses patofisiologik dengan etiologi beragam, mengakibatkan penurunan fungsi ginjal yang progresif, dan umumnya berakhir dengan gagal ginjal. Data dari Perkumpulan Nefrologi Indonesia (PERNEFRI) tahun 2012 menyatakan bahwa 83% dari seluruh pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis ialah pasien end stage renal disease (ESRD) yang merupakan stadium terminal PGK. Pada pasien PGK, dapat terjadi berbagai macam komplikasi, salah satunya ialah anemia Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran anemia defisiensi besi pada pasien PGK stadium V yang menjalani hemodialisis di Instalasi Tindakan Hemodialisis RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan potong lintang berdasarkan data primer pada Bulan Oktober – Desember 2015. Variabel penelitian yang digunakan yaitu umur, jenis kelamin, hasil laboratorium, lama menjalani hemodialisis, dan diagnosis anemia defisiensi besi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan 39 sampel dengan distribusi sampel terbanyak ialah perempuan sebanyak 21 orang (53,8%), golongan umur terbanyak > 60 tahun sebanyak 16 orang (41%), derajat anemia terbanyak ditemukan ialah anemia derajat sedang sebanyak 26 orang (66,7%), dan terdapat 5 orang (12,8%) yang terdiagnosis anemia defisiensi besi. Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini ditemukan anemia derajat sedang yang terseing, diikuti anemia derajat berat dan ringan. Terdapat 12,8% pasien dengan anemia defisiensi besi.

Kata kunci: penyakit ginjal kronik, anemia defisiensi besi, serum iron, saturasi transferin


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v4i1.10948

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