Gambaran kadar asam urat pada pasien sindrom koroner akut di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Januari-Desember 2015

Abstract

Abstract: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the term for symptoms due to disorder of blood flow inside the coronary arteries. ACS consists of unstable angina pectoris (UAP), non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). One predisposition factor of ACS that is still debated is uric acid. Its role in cardiovascular diseases is assumed due to endothelial disruption caused by elevated serum uric acid. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of uric acid serum in ACS patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou hospital Manado from January to December 2015. This was a retrospective study with a descriptive observational method using medical record of Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. The results showed that there were 97 patients with ACS, including 43 (44.33%) patients with NSTEMI, 43 (44.33%) patients with UAP, and 11 (11.34%) patients with STEMI. Males were more common than females. Most patient were aged 55-65 years old. Elevated serum uric acid was found in 52% of patients, generally in males and NSTEMI cases. More than half of the patients had history of elevated serum uric acid. The most risk factor in the cases were hypertension and smoking.

Keywords: description, uric acid, acute coronary syndrome

Abstrak: Sindrom koroner akut (SKA) merupakan sekelompok gejala akibat gangguan aliran darah pada arteri koroner. SKA terdiri dari unstable angina pectoris (UAP), infark miokard tanpa elevasi ST (NSTEMI), dan infark miokard dengan elevasi ST (STEMI). Salah satu faktor predisposisi SKA yang hingga kini masih diperdebatkan ialah asam urat. Diduga peran asam urat terhadap penyakit kardiovaskular terletak pada gangguan endotel pembuluh darah yang ditimbulkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar asam urat pada pasien SKA di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama periode Januari-Desember 2015. Jenis penelitian ialah retrospektif dengan metode observasional-deskriptif yang dilaksanakan di Bagian Rekam Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 97 pasien SKA dengan data lengkap, diantaranya 43 kasus (44,33%) NSTEMI, 43 kasus (44,33%) UAP, dan 11 kasus (11,34%) STEMI. Pasien terbanyak terdapat pada laki-laki dan kelompok usia 55-65 tahun. Peningkatan kadar asam urat dijumpai pada 52% pasien, umumnya pada laki-laki dan kasus NSTEMI. Umumnya pasien juga memiliki riwayat asam urat. Faktor risiko terbanyak yang dimiliki ialah hipertensi dan merokok.

Kata kunci: deskripsi, asam urat, sindrom koroner akut