Gambaran hematologi rutin dan hubungannya dengan rerata gula darah pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Poliklinik Endokrin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

Abstract

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to a defect in insulin action, insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells or both. In patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), trombopoiesis acceleration and increased turnover and increased hematocrit occur resulting in impaired blood flow velocity. This increased blood viscosity causes vasoconstriction due to thickening of blood vessel walls.This study was aimed to obtain the profile of hematology and its correlation with average blood glucose in type 2 DM patients. This was a descriptive analytical study using patients’ medical record in the Endocrine Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from August to October 2016. The results of Spearman’s correlation test were as follows: correlation between average blood glucose and hemoglobin concentration with r = 0.083 and p = 0.272; correlation between average blood glucose and levels of hematocrit with r = 0.123 and p = 0.184; correlation between the average glucose blood and levels of erythrocyte with r = 0.121 and p = 0.187; correlation between average blood glucose and platelet with r = 0.052 and p = 0.353; and correlation between average blood glucose and levels of leukocytes with r = 0.247 and p = 0.033. Conclusion: Among type 2 DM patients, there were no significant correlations between average blood glucose level and hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte levels, as well as platelet levels. However, there was a significant correlation between average blood glucose and leukocyte level.

Keywords: T2 DM, average blood glucose, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets

Abstrak: Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik yang ditandai oleh hiperglikemia akibat defek pada kerja insulin, sekresi insulin oleh sel beta pancreas, atau keduanya. Pada pasien DM tipe 2 (DMT2) terjadi percepatan trombopoiesis serta peningkatan pergantian trombosit dan hematokrit yang dapat berakibat terhadap kecepatan aliran darah. Viskositas darah yang meningkat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya vasokonstriksi akibat penebalan dinding pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hematologi dan hubungannya dengan rerata gula darah pada pasien DM tipe 2. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan data rekam medik pasien di Poliklinik Endokrin Bagian/SMF Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode Agustus-Oktober 2016. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman memperlihatkan nilai hubungan antara rerata gula darah dan kadar hemoglobin r = 0,083 dan p = 0,272; nilai hubungan antara rata-rata gula darah dan kadar hematocrit r = 0,123 dan p = 0,184; nilai hubungan antara rata-rata gula darah dan kadar eritrosit r = 0,121 dan p = 0,187; nilai hubungan antara rata-rata gula darah dan trombosit r = 0,052 dan p = 0,353, serta nilai hubungan antara rata-rata gula darah dan kadar leukosit r = 0,247 dan p = 0,033. Simpulan: Pada pasien DMT 2 tidak dijumpai hubungan bermakna antara rerata gula darah dengan kadar hemoglobin, kadar hematokrit, kadar eritrosit, dan kadar trombosit namun terdapat hubungan bermakna antara rerata gula darah dan leukosit.

Kata kunci: DMT2, rerata gula darah, hemoglobin, hematokrit, trombosit