Analisis Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Sepsis Neonatorum di Neonatal Intensive Care Unit RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

Abstract

Abstract: Neonatal sepsis is defined as a clinical syndrome with systemic manifestations and bacteremia that occurs in the first month of life. Admnistration of antibiotics had to follow the pattern of the most common causal germs in a hospital. This study was aimed to determine the antibiotics of neonatal sepsis patients at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado, in this case types of antibiotics, duration of the used antibiotics, as well as the use of the first, second, and third-line antibiotics. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. Samples were neonatal sepsis patients who were treated with first, second, and third line antibiotic therapy at the NICU from September to November 2019. The results obtained a total of 40 patients, consisting of 22 males (55%) and 18 females (45%). The condition of the patients when coming out of the ward were 12 recovered (30%) and 28 died (70%). Combination antibiotics were the most common used as many as 37 cases (58%). The length of time using antibiotics based on lines, obtained that the first-line antibiotics were given at a duration of ≤5 days, while the second and third line antibiotics were more often given at a duration of >5 days. In conclusion, most neonatal sepsis patients were given antibiotics in combination. There were differences among the durations of the first, second and third line antibiotics used in patients with neonatal sepsis.

Keywords: neonatal sepsis, antibiotics

Abstrak: Sepsis neonatorum didefinisikan sebagai sindrom klinis dengan manifestasi sistemik dan bakterimia yang terjadi pada satu bulan pertama kehidupan. Pemberian antibiotik harus memperhatikan pola kuman penyebab tersering yang ada di suatu rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien sepsis neonatorum di Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dalam hal ini jenis-jenis antibiotik yang digunakan, durasi penggunaan antibiotik yang diberikan, serta penggunaan antibiotik lini pertama, kedua, dan ketiga. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah pasien sepsis neonatorum yang menggunakan terapi antibiotik lini pertama, kedua, dan ketiga yang dirawat di ruangan NICU periode September - November 2019. Hasil penelitian memperoleh total 40 pasien, terdiri dari 22 bayi laki-laki (55%) dan 18 bayi perempuan (45%). Keadaan pasien saat keluar dari ruang rawat 12 sembuh (30%) dan 28 meninggal (70%). Penggunaan antibiotik kombinasi paling banyak digunakan yaitu sebanyak 37 kasus (58%). Lama waktu penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan lini, didapatkan antibiotik lini pertama paling banyak diberikan pada durasi ≤5 hari, sedangkan lini kedua dan ketiga lebih sering diberikan pada durasi >5 hari. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar pasien sepsis neonatorum diberikan antibiotik secara kombinasi. Terdapat perbedaan pada lama waktu penggunaan antibiotik pasien sepsis neonatorum baik lini pertama, kedua dan ketiga.

Kata kunci: sepsis neonatorum, antibiotik