Uji efek antibakteri tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.) terhadap bakteri saluran akar gigi

Abstract

Nekrosis pulpa merupakan kematian pulpa, dapat sebagian atau seluruhnya, yang disebabkan oleh proses lanjutan dari radang pulpa ataupun akibat trauma. Salah satu penanganan nekrosis pulpa yakni perawatan endodontik. Mikroorganisme yang tersisa setelah preparasi maupun setelah pengisian saluran akar merupakan penyebab utama kegagalan perawatan endodontik. Tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.) berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya efek antibakteri tinta cumi-cumi terhadap bakteri saluran akar gigi. Penelitian ini ialah penelitian eksperimental laboratoris yang menggunakan modifikasi metode Kirby-Bauer, difusi sumur. Isolat bakteri diisolasi dari spesimen saluran akar gigi nekrosis pulpa, ditanam dalam BHA untuk mendapatkan koloni. Tiga koloni yang ditemukan diuji dengan tinta cumi-cumi fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi larut air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya daerah hambat bakteri uji pada fraksi etil asetat tinta cumi-cumi. Di lain pihak, tidak adanya daerah hambat bakteri pada fraksi larut air, menginformasikan keberadaan senyawa antibakteri merupakan senyawa non-polar. Pada pengujian laboratorium menunjukkan kedua isolat teridentifikasi sebagai Streptococcus pyogenes. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan fraksi etil asetat tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.) memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri saluran akar gigi. Kata kunci : bakteri saluran akar gigi, Streptococcus sp., tinta cumi-cumi, Loligo sp., efek antibakteri

ABSTRACT

Pulp necrosis is the death of the dental pulp, partially or completely, which is caused by the continued process of pulp inflammation or trauma. The treatment of pulp necrosis is endodontic therapy. Microorganisms that is remaining after preparation and after root canal filling is a major cause of endodontic treatment failure. Squid ink (Loligo sp.) has efficacy as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of squid ink against the bacteria in dental root canal. This study was an experimental laboratory research using Kirby-Bauer agar well diffusion method with modification. The squid ink was separated using solvent into ethyl acetate phase and aqueous phase by separatory funnel. Bacterias were isolated from pulp necrosis specimens, planted in BHA medium to obtained the bacteria colonies. Three isolates that were found, was tested with squid ink from ethyl acetate phase and water dissolved squid ink.

The result of this study showed the inhibition zone exist in squid ink from ethyl acetate phase against the three isolates. On the other hand, the absence of inhibition zone in water dissolved squid ink was informed that the antibacterial compound are non-polar compound. Laboratory test showed the two isolates were identified as Streptococcus pyogenes. This study concluded that the ethyl acetate phase of squid ink (Loligo sp.) has an antibacterial effect against dental root canal bacteria.
Keywords : dental root canal bacteria, Streptococcus sp., squid ink, Loligo sp., antibacterial effect