Perbandingan Efektivitas Z Spring dengan Coil dan Z Spring tanpa Coil terhadap Koreksi Malposisi Gigi Individual

Abstract

Abstract: Malocclusion problem is often found in the community. Z spring, one of the springs of the active component of removable orthodontic appliances, is divided into two types, namely Z spring with coil and without coil. Both can move teeth in a labial direction, therefore, they can be used to correct simple cases of malocclusion such as malposition of individual tooth. The addition of coil can increase the resilience and effective length of the spring which further increases the force, hence the malposition of the tooth can be corrected more quickly. This study was aimed to analyze the differences between the effectiveness of Z spring with coil and of Z spring without coil in correction of individual tooth malposition. This was a pre-experimental study with a one-shot case study method. There were two treatment groups, namely Z spring with coil and without coil. Each sample was activated by 1 mm per activation to correct tooth with 5 mm linguoversion in typodonts. After that, the number of activations required and the average value of the measurements of both groups were compared. The independent sample T-Test test on the average value of the displacement distance of each tooth showed that there was a significant difference in effectiveness between the Z spring with coil and the Z spring without coil groups (p=0.000; p<0.05). The Mann Whitney test showed that there was also a significant difference in the value of the number of activations for each Z spring sample between the two groups (p=0.000; p<0.05). In conclusion, Z spring with coil is more effective in correction of malposition of individual tooth than Z spring without coil.

Keywords: removable orthodontic appliance; Z spring with coil; Z spring without coil

Abstrak: Maloklusi merupakan permasalahan kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang banyak dijumpai dalam masyarakat. Z spring merupakan salah satu pegas dari komponen aktif alat ortodontik lepasan yang terbagi menjadi dua, yakni Z spring dengan coil dan Z spring tanpa coil. Keduanya dapat memindahkan gigi ke arah labial sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mengoreksi kasus maloklusi sederhana seperti malposisi gigi individual. Penambahan coil dapat meningkatkan kelentingan dan panjang efektif spring yang meningkatkan gaya sehingga malposisi gigi dapat terkoreksi lebih cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan efektivitas Z spring dengan coil dan tanpa coil dalam mengoreksi malposisi gigi individual. Jenis penelitian ini pre-experimental dengan metode one-shot case study. Terdapat dua kelompok perlakuan, yakni Z spring dengan coil dan tanpa coil. Masing-masing sampel penelitian diaktivasi sebesar 1 mm per aktivasi untuk mengoreksi gigi dengan linguoversi 5 mm pada typodont kemudian dibandingkan jumlah aktivasi yang dibutuhkan dan nilai rerata perpindahan gigi kedua kelompok. Hasil uji independent sample t-test pada nilai rerata jarak perpindahan masing-masing gigi menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan efektivitas yang bermakna antara kelompok Z spring dengan coil dan tanpa coil (p=0,000; p<0,05). Hasil uji Mann Whitney terhadap nilai jumlah aktivasi tiap sampel menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna pula antara kedua kelompok penelitian (p=0,000; p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah Z spring dengan coil lebih efektif dalam mengoreksi malposisi gigi individual dibandingkan Z spring tanpa coil.

Kata kunci: alat ortodontik lepasan; Z spring dengan coil; Z spring tanpa coil