Analisis Dampak Sentimen Masyarakat Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Kurs Rupiah (Studi Kasus Pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh sentimen masyarakat Indonesia terhadap kurs rupiah selama pandemi covid-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Indonesia dari Maret hingga Mei 2020. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dengan pertimbangan beberapa daerah di Indonesia yang terdampak besar selama pandemi covid-19 yaitu DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Banten, Jawa Tengah, Jawa Timur, DI Yogyakarta, dan Bali. Data primer didapatkan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara daring. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan analisis data dengan metode campuran (mixed method). Pertama data dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan regresi dengan alat program statistik SPSS. Hasil penelitian membuktikan sentimen masyarakat selama pandemi covid-19 berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap penurunan kurs rupiah (IDR/USD). Analisis lebih lanjut dilakukan terhadap data kualitatif responden terhadap kurs rupiah di masa mendatang berdasar teori analisis data kualitatif dari Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Hasil analisis mendapatkan bahwa masyarakat Indonesia optimis bahwa perekonomian akan membaik setelah pandemi covid-19 berakhir dan seiring roda perekonomian kembali berputar menuju kondisi yang semakin baik.

Kata kunci: sentimen masyarakat, kurs rupiah, perekonomian Indonesia, pandemi covid-19

Abstract: This study aims to test empirically the effect of Indonesian public sentiment on the rupiah exchange rate during the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research was conducted in Indonesia from March to May 2020. The sampling method used was purposive sampling with the consideration of several areas in Indonesia that were heavily affected during the covid-19 pandemic, namely DKI Jakarta, West Java, Banten, Central Java, East Java, DI Yogyakarta, and Bali. Primary data was obtained by distributing questionnaires by online. Researchers used mixed method as data analysis approach. First, the data were analyzed quantitatively using regression with the SPSS statistical program. The results of the study prove that public sentiment during the covid-19 pandemic has a significant positive effect on the decline in the rupiah exchange rate (IDR / USD). Further analysis was carried out on the qualitative data of respondents on the future rupiah exchange rate based on qualitative data analysis theory from Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The results of the analysis show that the Indonesian people are optimistic that the economy will improve after the covid-19 pandemic ends and as the economy continues spins to be a better condition.

Keywords: public sentiment, rupiah exchange rate, Indonesian economy, covid-19 pandemic