Fish disease mapping in North Sulawesi Province
Abstract
This study aims to determine fish diseases and the causative pathogens, and to map the spread of the diseases in fish farms in North Sulawesi province. The organisms studied are freshwater and salt water fish. Fish samples were taken randomly both healthy fish and fish showing clinical signs of infections. Fish samples were randomly taken, 3 fishes from each sampling location, and only 1 fish farm was selected from each regency/city. Salt water fish were taken only from regency/city that has fish farm. To support the fish disease data, some water quality parameters were also measured in situ such as: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), brightness and ammonia concentration. Results showed that the fish samples were infected with pathogenic parasites, bacteria and viruses. The bacteria were Vibrio carchariae, Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio damsel, Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomonas sp, Vibrio sp, Aeromonas sp, Flexibacter sp, Pseudomonas flourescens. A. hydrophilla is the dominant species of bacteria in all freshwater fish samples from all sampling locations. The parasites were Dactylogirus sp, Trichodina sp, Ichthyopthirius multifiliis, Argulus sp, Lernea sp. Parasites Trichodina sp is the dominant parasite species found. The viruses were VNN virus (Viral Nervous Necrosis) KHV virus (Koi Herpes Virus). Virus NN virus was found only in grouper cultured in the floating net of Talengen village, district Sangihe Islands.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis penyakit ikan dan patogen penyebabnya serta memetakan penyebaran penyakit ikan di lokasi budidaya yang ada di provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ikan air tawar dan air laut. Sampel ikan diambil secara acak baik ikan yang sehat maupun ikan yang memperlihatkan gejalah terinfeksi penyakit. Tiga ekor ikan sampel diambil dari setiap lokasi, dimana dipilih 1 lokasi budidaya di tiap kabupaten/kota. Sampel ikan air laut hanya diambil pada kabupaten/kota yang memiliki lokasi budidaya air laut. pengukuran beberapa parameter kualitas air juga dilakukan secara in situ seperti: suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut (DO), kecerahan dan kandungan amoniak. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa sampel ikan yang diperiksa terinfeksi pathogen parasit, bakteri dan virus. Jenis bakteri patogen yang ditemukan adalah: Vibrio carchariae, Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio damsel, Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophilla, Pseudomonas sp, Vibrio sp, Aeromonas sp, Flexibacter sp, Pseudomonas flourescens. Bakteri Aeromonas hydrophilla merupakan jenis bakteri yang paling dominan yang ditemukan di semua sampel ikan air tawar di lokasi-lokasi budidaya tempat pengambilan sampel. Jenis-jenis parasit yang ditemukan adalah: Dactylogirus sp, Trichodina sp, Ichthyopthirius multifiliis, Argulus sp, Lernea sp. Jenis parasit yang dominan adalah Trichodina sp. Jenis virus yang ditemukan adalah: virus VNN (Viral Nervous Necrosis), virus KHV (Koi Herpes Virus). Virus VNN ditemukan hanya pada sampel ikan kerapu yang dibudidayakan di jaring apung Kampung Talengen, Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35800/jasm.3.2.2015.14044
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PUBLISHER: The JASM is published by Pascasarjana, Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado, in collaboration with the Indonesia of Aquatic Resources Management Association (Asosiasi Pengelola Sumber Daya Perairan Indonesia/SIPESUAR). It is printed in each publication as 'Graduate Program, UNSRAT, Manado, Indonesia – Asosiasi Pengelola Sumber Daya Perairan Indonesia'.