GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN SEPERTI TERGAMBAR DALAM NOVEL “FOR WHOM THE BELL TOLLS” KARYA ERNEST HEMINGWAY

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This research is entitled “Styles of Leadership as Reflected in the Novel ‘For Whom the Bell Tolls’ by Ernest Hemingway”. In this research, the writer focuses on the styles of leadership as reflected in the novel. The novel itself is based on Hemingway’s experiences during the Spanish Civil War and features an American protagonist, named Robert Jordan, who fights with Spanish guerrillas for the Republicans. The purpose of this research are to identify and classify the styles of leadership as reflected in the novel and to analyze how styles are reflected through the novel.

In this research the writer used qualitative method and described it descriptively. The writer analysed the leadership styles through the character in the novel by using Martin’s theory of characterisation (2004) by looking on character’s features, actions, intentions, desires, and traits. The data were analysed based on Goleman’s theory styles of leadership (2000). There are six styles of leadership, those are: coercive, authoritative, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and coaching.

The results of this research shown six styles of leadership as reflected in the novel, those are coercive, authoritative, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting, and coaching. They are reflected by nine character in the novel.

Keywords: Leader, Styles of Leadership, Characterisation, Ernest Hemingway’s Novel