HUBUNGAN KECANDUAN INTERNET DENGAN DEPRESI PADA PELAJAR KELAS XI DI SMA NEGERI 9 BINSUS MANADO TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019

Cynthia Magdalena Indra, Anita Elisabet Dundu, B. H. Ralph Kairupan

Abstract


Abstract: Internet addiction is defined as an excessive use of the internet that can interfere individual's health and cause psychological, social and school problems. One of the psychological impact of internet addiction is the decreased of quality time with friends and family that can cause social isolation. This condition can lead to depression. Aim: This research aims to determine the relationship between internet addiction and depression in 11th grade high school students at SMA Negeri 9 Binsus Manado School Year 2018/2019. Method: This research is an analytical observational research with cross-sectional approach. Internet addiction was assessed using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), whilst depression by using Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) in Indonesian version. The participants of this research are 11th grade students in SMA Negeri 9 Binsus Manado that fulfilled the inclusion criterias. Results: There were 171 participants which are 14-17 years old and most of the participants are woman (63,2%). The result using IAT and CDI showed that 120 students (70,2%) have moderate internet addiction and 55 students (32,2%) have depression. Statistical analysis using Chi-Square showed p=0,0002. Conclusion: There is a relationship between internet addiction and depression on 11th grade high school students at SMA Negeri 9 Binsus Manado School Year 2018/2019.

Keywords: depression, internet addiction, students

 

Abstrak: Kecanduan internet didefinisikan sebagai penggunaan internet yang menganggu kesehatan individu dan menyebabkan masalah psikologis, sosial dan sekolah. Salah satu masalah psikologis yang dapat disebabkan adalah berkurangnya waktu bersama teman dan keluarga yang menyebabkan isolasi sosial. Kondisi inilah yang dapat mengarah pada depresi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecanduan internet dengan depresi pada pelajar kelas XI di SMA Negeri 9 Binsus Manado Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019. Metode: Penelitian ini  bersifat analitik-observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Kecanduan internet dinilai menggunakan Internet Addiction Test (IAT) dan depresi menggunakan Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) adaptasi bahasa Indonesia. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh pelajar kelas XI di SMA Negeri 9 Binsus yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil: Responden yang mengikuti penelitian berjumlah 171 orang dengan rentang umur 14-17 tahun dan sebagian besar responden adalah perempuan (63,2%). Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan IAT dan CDI didapatkan bahwa 120 pelajar (70,2%) mengalami kecanduan internet sedang dan 55 pelajar (32,2%) mengalami depresi. Uji statistik dengan Chi-Square didapatkan nilai p=0,0002. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kecanduan internet dengan depresi pada pelajar kelas XI di SMA Negeri 9 Binsus Manado Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019.

Kata Kunci: depresi, kecanduan internet, pelajar


Full Text:

PDF

References


Kristanto A. Internet untuk Pemula: Panduan penggunaan Internet secara produktif. Jakarta: Elex Media Komputindo, Gramedia; 2014. 1-5 hal.

APJII. Penetrasi & Perilaku Pengguna Internet Indonesia: Survey tahun 2017 [Internet]. Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia. Jakarta; 2017. Tersedia pada: https://web.kominfo.go.id/sites/default/files/Laporan Survei APJII_2017_v1.3.pdf

Poli R. Internet addiction update: diagnostic criteria, assessment and prevalence. Neuropsychiatry (London) [Internet]. 2017;7(1):4–8. Tersedia pada: http://www.openaccessjournals.com/peer-review/internet-addiction-update-diagnostic-criteria-assessment-and-prevalence.html

Spada MM. An overview of problematic internet use. Addict Behav. 2014;39(1):3–6.

Rabadi L, Ajlouni M, Masannat S, Bataineh S, Batarseh G, Yessin A, et al. The Relationship between Depression and Internet Addiction among University Students in Jordan. J Addict Res Ther [Internet]. 2017;8(6):1–8. Tersedia pada: https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/the-relationship-between-depression-and-internet-addiction-amonguniversity-students-in-jordan-2155-6105-1000349.pdf

Weinstein A, Feder LC, Rosenberg KP, Dannon P. Internet addiction disorder: overview and controversies. In: Rosenberg KP, Feder LC, editor. Behavioral Addictions: Criteria, Evidence, and Treatment. Elsevier Inc.; 2014. hal. 99–117.

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). 5th ed. American Psychiatric Publishing; 2013. 155-168 hal.

Cheng C, Li AY. Internet Addiction Prevalence and Quality of (Real) Life: A Meta-Analysis of 31 Nations Across Seven World Regions. Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw [Internet]. 2014;17(12):755–60. Tersedia pada: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4267764/pdf/cyber.2014.0317.pdf

Mak K-K, Lai C-M, Watanabe H, Kim D-I, Bahar N, Ramos M, et al. Epidemiology of Internet Behaviors and Addiction Among Adolescents in Six Asian Countries. Cyberpsychology, Behav Soc Netw. 2014;17(11):720–8.

Kraut R, Patterson M, Lundmark V, Kiesler S, Mukopadhyay T, Scherlis W. Internet Paradox: A Social Technology That Reduces Social Involvement and Psychological Well-Being? Am Psychol. 1998;53(9):1017–31.

Tang J, Yu Y, Du Y, Ma Y, Zhang D, Wang J. Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with stressful life events and psychological symptoms among adolescent internet users. Addict Behav. 2014;39(3):744–7.

Gorain SC, Mondal A, Ansary K, Saha B. Social isolation in relation to internet usage and stream of study of under graduate students. Am J Educ Res. 2018;6(4):361–4.

Akiskal HS. Mood Disorders: Historical Introduction and Conceptual Overview. In: Sadrock B, Sadock V, Ruiz P, editor. Kaplan & Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. 10 ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2017. hal. 4099–138.

World Health Organization. Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland; 2017.

Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) tahun 2013. Laporan Nasional 2013. 2013.

Ostovar S, Allahyar N, Aminpoor H, Moafian F, Nor MBM, Griffiths MD. Internet Addiction and its Psychosocial Risks (Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Loneliness) among Iranian Adolescents and Young Adults: A Structural Equation Model in a Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Ment Health Addict [Internet]. 2016;14(3):257–67. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11469-015-9628-0

Younes F, Halawi G, Jabbour H, Osta N El, Karam L, Hajj A, et al. Internet addiction and relationships with insomnia, anxiety, depression, stress and self-esteem in university students: A cross-sectional designed study. PLoS One. 2016;11(9):1–13.

Carli V, Durkee T, Wasserman D, Hadlaczky G, Despalins R, Kramarz E, et al. The association between pathological internet use and comorbid psychopathology: A systematic review. Psychopathology. 2013;46(1):1–13.

Othman Z, Lee CW. Internet Addiction and Depression among College Students in Malaysia Internet Addiction and Depression among College Students in Malaysia. Int Med J. 2017;24(6):447–50.

Puri A, Sharma R. Internet usage, depression , social isolation and loneliness amongst adolescents. Indian J Heal Wellbeing. 2016;7(10):996–1003.

Tiarania D, Karini SM, Machmuroch. Hubungan Antara Kecanduan Internet dan Depresi Pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Warnet di Kelurahan Jebres Surakarta. J Ilm Psikol Candrajiwa. 2014;3(2):75–84.

Sari WDT. Hubungan antara tingkat adiksi internet dengan derajat depresi pada siswi di SMK 1 Batik Surakarta. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta; 2017.

Ulfah H. Hubungan antara depresi dengan kecanduan internet pada siswa SMP di Banda Aceh. Universitas Syiah Kuala; 2017.

Santika MG. Hubungan antara FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) dengan Kecanduan Internet (Internet Addiction) pada Remaja di SMAn 4 Bandung. Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia; 2015.

Husada S. Hubungan Usia dan Jenis Kelamin terhadap Sindrom Depresif pada Anak dan Remaja di Sekolah Favorit Kota Medan. Universitas Sumatera Utara; 2012.

Syaifuddin A. Dasar-dasar psikometri. 2 ed. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2010.

Lin MP, Wu JYW, You J, Hu WH, Yen CF. Prevalence of internet addiction and its risk and protective factors in a representative sample of senior high school students in Taiwan. J Adolesc [Internet]. 2018;62:38–46. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2017.11.004

Wu C-Y, Lee M-B, Liao S-C, Chang L-R. Risk Factors of Internet Addiction among Internet Users: An Online Questionnaire Survey. PLoS One [Internet]. 2015;10(10):1–10. Tersedia pada: http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137506

Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Binder JF. Internet addiction in students: prevalence and risk factors. J Chem Inf Model. 2013;53(9):1689–99.

Chauhan V, Buttar BK, Singh R. Internet addiction among adolescents. Int J Trend Sci Res Dev. 2017;1(6):395–8.

Goel D, Subramanyam A, Kamath R. A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents. Indian J Psychiatry. 2013;55(2):140.

Al-Shdayfat N, Hawi N, Hamadneh S, Albnian F, Alzyoud S, Logue T. Internet addiction among school adolescents in Northeastern Jordan. World J Med Sci. 2016;13(4):218–24.

Usman NH, Alavi M, Shafeq SM. Relationship between internet addiction and academic performance among university undergraduates. Procedia - Soc Behav Sci. 2014;114(19):845–51.

Anggraeni M, Husain AN, Arifin S. Hubungan tipe kepribadian introvert dengan kecanduan internet pada siswa kelas X di SMAN 1 Banjarmasin. J Berk Kedokt. 2014;10(1):1–8.

Putri GA, Suryani, Hernawati T. Hubungan stres akademik dengan kecanduan internet pada remaja SMA di kecamatan Andir kota Bandung. Faletehan Heal J. 2017;4(4):223–7.

Tyas FL, Pratiti B. Hubungan antara adiksi internet (internet addiction) dan kecerdasan emosi pada remaja di SMP Negeri 05 Yogyakarta. Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta; 2017.

Wagner KD, Brent DA. Mood disorders in children and adolescents. In: Sadock BJ, Sadock VA, Ruiz P, editor. Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry. 10 ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2017. hal. 9356–72.

Crape B, Harutyunyan T, Truzyan N. Risk factors and prevalence of adolescent depression in Yerevan, Armenia. American University of Armenia; 2013.

Thapar A, Collishaw S, Pine DS, Thapar AK. Depression in adolescence. Lancet. 2012;379(9820):1056–67.

Boyd CP, Gullone E, Kostanski M, Ollendick TH, Shek DTL. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in Australian adolescents: Comparisons with worldwide data. J Genet Psychol. 2000;161(4):479–92.

Luthfia SI. Karakteristik sosiodemografi dan proporsi depresi pada siswa MTs Negeri 1 Palembang. Universitas Sriwijaya; 2016.

Kleftaras G, Didaskalou E. Incidence and teachers’ perceived causation of depression in primary school children in Greece. Sch Psychol Int. 2006;27(3):296–314.

Nalugya-Sserunjogi J, Rukundo GZ, Ovuga E, Kiwuwa SM, Musisi S, Nakimuli-Mpungu E. Prevalence and factors associated with depression symptoms among school-going adolescents in Central Uganda. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2016;10(1):4–11.

Bahls S. Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in adolescents of a public school in Curitiba, Brazil. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2002;24(2):63–7.

Okwaraji FE, Aguwa EN, Onyebueke GC. Assessment of Internet Addiction and Depression in a Sample of Nigerian University Undergraduates. 2015;4(April):114–22.

Morrison CM, Gore H. The relationship between excessive internet use and depression: a questionnaire-based study of 1,319 young people and adults. Psychopatology. 2010;(43):121–6.

Bahrainian A, Khazaee A. Internet Addiction among Students: the Relation of Self-esteem and Depression. Bull Environ Pharmacol Life Sci. 2014;3(3):1–6.

Liang L, Zhou D, Yuan C, Shao A, Bian Y. Gender differences in the relationship between internet addiction and depression: A cross-lagged study in Chinese adolescents. Comput Human Behav [Internet]. 2016;63:463–70. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.04.043

Caplan S, Williams D, Yee N. Problematic Internet use and psychosocial well-being among MMO players. Comput Human Behav [Internet]. 2009;25(6):1312–9. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2009.06.006

Chen X. Culture, peer interaction and socioemotional development. Child Dev Perspect. 2012;6(1):27–34.

Cole H, Griffiths MD. Social Interactions in Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Gamers. CyberPsychology Behav [Internet]. 2007;10(4):575–83. Tersedia pada: http://www.liebertonline.com/doi/abs/10.1089/cpb.2007.9988

Hussain Z, Griffiths MD. The attitudes, feelings and experiences of online gamers: a qualitative analysis. CyberPsychology Behav. 2009;12(6):747–57.

Young KS, Rodgers RC. The Relationship Between Depression and Internet Addiction. 1998;1(1):25–8.

Choi K-S, Lee S-S, Lee J. Predictive Roles of Depression and Demographic Factors in Internet Addiction: A Cross-Sectional Study of Students in a Nigerian University. Int J Cyber Criminol. 2017;11(1):110–27.

Sanders CE, Field TM, DIego M, Kaplan M. The relationship of internet use to depression and social isolation among adolescents. Adolescence. 2000;35:237–42.

van den Eijnden RJJM, Meerkerk G-J, Ad A. Vermulst RS, Engels RCME. Online communication, compulsive internet use and psychosocial well-being among adolescents: A longitudinal study. Dev Psychol. 2008;44(3):655–65.

Lee YS, Han DH, Yang KC, Daniels MA, Na C, Kee BS, et al. Depression like characteristics of 5HTTLPR polymorphism and temperament in excessive internet users. J Affect Disord. 2008;109(1–2):165–9.

Sasmaz T, Oner S, Kurt AO, Yapici G, Yazici AE, Bugdayci R, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of Internet addiction in high school students. Eur J Public Health [Internet]. 2014;24(1):15–20. Tersedia pada: https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/eurpub/ckt051

Turnbull N, Peltzer K, Pengpid S, Low WY, Huu TN, Win HH. Pathological Internet Use and Psychosocial Risk Factors among ASEAN University Students. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2018;12(1):1–8.

Salehan M, Negahban A. Social networking on smartphones: When mobile phones become addictive. Comput Human Behav. 2013;29(6):2632–9.

Billieux J, Maurage P, Lopez-Fernandez O, Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD. Can disordered mobile phone use be considered a behavioral addiction? an update on current evidence and a comprehensive model for future research. Curr Addict Reports [Internet]. 2015;2(2):156–62. Tersedia pada: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s40429-015-0054-y

Sokratis S, Christos Z, Despo P, Maria K. Prevalence of depressive symptoms among schoolchildren in Cyprus: A cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2017;11(1):1–11.

Choi H-S, Lee H-K, Ha J-C. The influence of smartphone addiction on mental health, campus life and personal relations - Focusing on K university students. J Korean Data Inf Sci Soc. 2012;23(5):1005–15.

Ben-Yehuda L, Greenberg L, Weinstein A. Internet Addiction by Using the Smartphone-Relationships between Internet Addiction, Frequency of Smartphone Use and the State of Mind of Male and Female Students. J Reward Defic Syndr Addict Sci. 2016;2(1):22–7.

Koyuncu T, Unsal A, Arslantas D. Assessment of internet addiction and loneliness in secondary and high school students. J Pak Med Assoc. 2014;64:998–1002.

Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Chen CC. The association between Internet addiction and psychiatric disorder: A review of the literature. Eur Psychiatry. 2012;27(1):1–8.

Ni X, Yan H, Chen S, Liu Z. Factors influencing Internet addiction in a sample of freshmen university students in China. CyberPsychology Behav. 2009;12(3):327–30.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


www.Counters-free.net