Rehabilitasi Medik pada Tortikolis Muskular Kongenital
Abstract
Abstract
Torticollis is a type of postural disorder of the head and neck that most often occurs in infants. Torticollis was first defined by Tubby in 1912 as "a deformity, both congenital and acquired, characterized by lateral tilt from head to shoulder, with torsion in the neck and deviation of the face". The term congenital muscular torticollis (TMK) denotes a neck deformity involving shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) that is detected at birth or shortly after birth. The term torticollis comes from Latin, from the words torquere meaning to bend, and collum meaning neck and is a clinical sign of an acquired or congenital bent or twisted neck. Congenital muscular torticollis (TMK) or also known as wry neck, colli fibromatosis and twisted neck ranks the top third as a congenital musculoskeletal disorder in neonates after dislocation of the hip and clubfoot and is characterized by lateral flexion of the head towards the side of the affected side and cervical rotation to the opposite side due to unilateral shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), which is detected at birth or shortly thereafter.
Abstrak
Tortikolis adalah salah satu jenis kelainan postur pada kepala dan leher yang paling sering terjadi pada bayi. Tortikolis dulu pertama kali didefinisikan oleh Tubby pada tahun 1912 sebagai “Deformitas, baik bawaan maupun didapat, yang ditandai dengan kemiringan lateral dari kepala ke bahu, dengan torsi di leher dan deviasi wajah ”. Istilah tortikolis muskular kongenital (TMK) menunjukkan deformitas leher yang melibatkan pemendekan otot sternokleidomastoid (SCM) yang terdeteksi saat lahir atau segera setelah lahir.Istilah tortikolis berasal dari bahasa Latin, dari kata torquere artinya bengkok, dan collum yang berarti leher dan merupakan tanda klinis dari leher bengkok atau terputar yang bisa didapat atau kongenital. Tortikolis muskular kongenital (TMK) atau yang dikenal juga dengan sebutan wry neck, fibromatosis colli dan twisted neck menduduki urutan ketiga teratas sebagai kelainan kongenital muskuloskeletal pada neonatus setelah dislokasi panggul dan clubfoot dan ditandai dengan fleksi lateral kepala ke arah lateral sisi yang terkena dan rotasi servikal ke sisi yang berlawanan karena pemendekan unilateral otot sternokleidomastoid (SCM), yang terdeteksi saat lahir atau segera setelahnya.
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