MEDICAL REHABILITATION IN PATIENT WITH LEFT HEMIPARESIS AND DYSARTHRIA CAUSED BY TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: A CASE REPORT

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an insult to the brain from an external physical force and resulting in temporary or permanent impairment, functional disability, or          psychosocial maladjustment.¹ TBI occurs twice as frequently in males as in females with rasio 2.5: 1 and mortality in males is three to four times higher than in females. ^1,2 The incidence of TBI peaks among those 15 to 24 years old and again among those 65 years and older, Motor vehicle accidents and violence are more common in a younger population, and falls are more common in aging populations.^3,4. While based on the severity of TBI can be divided into mild, moderate, and severe head injury. The commonly used scale is the Glasgow  Coma Scale (GCS). Head injuries with GCS 13-15 were categorized as mild head injury, head injury with GCS 9-12 was categorized as moderate head injury, and head injury with GCS 3-8 was categorized as severe head injury. ^5,6 Hemiparesis is weakness or partial paralysis on one side of the body caused by    brain damage, usually opposite the site of the cerebral vascular accident (CVA) or other  brain injury. Patients with traumatic brain injury may have difficulty with mobility and  self-care as a result of isolated motor weakness or coordination of either the upper or the lower extremities.⁷ Dysarthria, a group of motor speech disorders resulting from damage to the central or the peripheral nervous system, affects 10% to 65% of individuals with acquired brain injury, depending on the type, extent, and duration of injury. Dysarthria results from weakness, paralysis, or dyscoordination of the speech muscles that impairs articulation, respiration, resonance, and phonation. Rehabilitation includes four function domains; physical, mental, affective, and social. Thus, rehabilitation services organized with multiprofessional teams are required to guide treatment planning and to promote the approach of all these aspects.⁸ We report the rehabilitative course in young man with left hemiparesis and dysarthria caused by traumatic brain injury.