HUBUNGAN ANTARA STATUS IMUNISASI DAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DENGAN STATUS GIZI BALITA USIA 24-59 BULAN DI DESA TATELI TIGA KECAMATAN MANDOLANG KABUPATEN MINAHASA

Abstract

Salah satu tujuan indikator program Sustainable Develovement Goals (SDG’S) yaitu mengurangi angka kesakitan dan kematian balita. Imunisasi merupakan upaya mengurangi angka kematian balita dengan cara diberi vaksin untuk meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh agar tidak mudah terpapar penyakit. Pemberian ASI Eksklusif berpengaruh dalam mengurangi angka kematian balita dengan diberikan ASI saja sejak bayi lahir sampai usia 6 bulan tanpa diberikan makanan atau minuman tambahan selain ASI. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui adanya hubungan antara status imunisasi dan pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan status gizi balita usia 24-59 bulan di Desa Tateli Tiga Kecamatan Mandolang Kabupaten Minahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai September 2019. Sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh jumlah populasi sebanyak 93 anak. Status gizi berdasarkan indeks (BB/U) gizi kurang 38,7%, gizi baik 61,3%. Indeks status gizi berdasarkan indeks (TB/U) status gizi pendek  37,6%, normal 62,4%. Indeks status gizi berdasarkan indeks (BB/TB) status gizi kurus 35,5%, normal 64,5%. Status imunisasi, balita lengkap imunisasinya 73,1%, tidak lengkap 26,9%. Pemberian ASI Eksklusif, yang diberikan sebanyak 23,7%, yang tidak diberikan 76,3%. Kesimpulannya, tidak terdapat hubungan antara status imunisasi dengan status gizi berdasarkan indeks (BB/U), (TB/U), (BB/TB) dan terdapat hubungan antara pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan status gizi berdasarkan indeks (BB/U), (TB/U), (BB/TB). Disarankan kepada orang tua yang memiliki balita agar memperhatikan status gizi anaknya, dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif serta imunisasi kepada anaknya dan membawa anak ke posyandu untuk memantau pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak.

Kata Kunci: Status Imunisasi, ASI Eksklusif, Status Gizi

ABSTRACT

One of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG'S) program indicator is to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate for children under five. Immunization is an effort to reduce infant mortality by giving a vaccine to increase immunity so that it is not easily exposed to disease. Exclusive breastfeeding has the effect of reducing infant mortality by giving only breast milk from birth to 6 months of age without additional food or drinks other than breast milk. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between immunization status and exclusive breastfeeding with the nutritional status of children aged 24-59 months in Tateli Tiga Village, Mandolang District, Minahasa Regency. This research uses analytic observational research with Cross Sectional approach conducted in May to September 2019. The sample of this research is the total population of 93 children. Based on nutritional status (BB/U) there are 38.7% of malnutrition, 61.3% of good nutrition. Nutrition status index (TB/U) short nutrition status was 37.6%, normal was 62.4%. Nutritional status index (BB/TB) 35.5% underweight nutritional status, 64.5% normal. Immunization status, children under five with full immunization were 73.1%, incomplete were 26.9%. Exclusive breastfeeding, which was given as much as 23.7%, which was not given as much as 76.3%. In conclusion, there is no relationship between immunization status with nutritional status based on index (BB/U), (TB/U), (BB/TB) and there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding with nutritional status based on index (BB/U), (TB/U), (BB/TB). It is recommended for parents who have toddlers to pay attention to the nutritional status of their children, by providing exclusive breastfeeding and immunization to their children and taking children to the posyandu to monitor children's growth and development.

Keywords: Immunization Status, Exclusive Breastfeeding, Nutritional Status