HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERILAKU PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK AEDES AEGYPTI DENGAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KELURAHAN MALALAYANG I KECAMATAN MALALAYANG

Abstract

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di Indonesia. Tahun 2017 penderita DBD di Indonesia dilaporkan sebanyak 100.347 kasus dengan kematian 907 orang. Faktor yang turut berperan penting terhadap peningkatan kasus DBD yaitu perilaku masyarakat. Pencegahan terhadap penularan DBD dilakukan dengan pemutusan rantai penularan DBD berupa pengendalian vektor. Cara yang dilakukan dalam upaya pengendalian DBD yaitu pemberantasan sarang nyamuk dengan cara “3M”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara perilaku pemberantasan sarang nyamuk aedes aegypti dengan kejadian demam berdarah dengue di kelurahan Malalayang I kecamatan Malalayang kota Manado tahun 2019. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan survei analitik dengan rancangan studi potong lintang. Dilakukan pada bulan September- Okktober 2019 dengan jumlah sampel 101 responden dan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner. Uji chi square digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel dengan CI=95% dan α=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pengetahuan 67 responden (57,25%) termasuk kategori baik, sikap 90 responden (89,10%) termasuk kategori positif, dan tindakan 76 responden (75,24%) termasuk kategori baik. Hasil uji chi square antara pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan dengan keberadaan jentik diperoleh nilai p-value secara berturut-turut yaitu 0,000; 0,030; 0,012. Serta Terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan pencegahan DBD dengan kejadian demam berdarah dengue di kelurahan Malalayang I kecamatan Malalayang kota Manado tahun 2019. Diharapakan untuk petugas kesehatan dan masyarakat agar dapat bekerja sama dalam penanganan sarang nyamuk aedes aegypti dengan melakukan penyuluhan maupun tindakan pencegahan yang lebih intensif lagi terutama penyuluhan baik secara langsung maupun melalui media berupa stiker, baliho, dan leaflet.

Kata kunci: Nyamuk Aedes aegypti, Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan

ABSTRACT

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a major public health problem in Indonesia. In 2017 DHF sufferers in Indonesia were reported as many as 100,347 cases with the death of 907 people. Factors that also play an important role in the increase in dengue cases are community behavior. Prevention of dengue transmission is done by breaking the chain of dengue transmission in the form of vector control. The method used in efforts to control DHF is to eradicate mosquito nests by means of "3M". This study aims to analyze the relationship between the eradication behavior of aedes aegypti mosquito nests and the incidence of dengue fever in Malalayang I village of Malalayang sub-district of Manado in 2019. In this study an analytic survey was used with a cross-sectional study design. Conducted in September-October 2019 with a sample of 101 respondents and simple random sampling. Data collected through observation and interviews using a questionnaire. Chi square test  was used to analyze the relationship between variables with CI = 95% and α = 0.05. The results showed that the knowledge of 67 respondents (57.25%) included in the good category, the attitude of 90 respondents (89.10%) was in the positive category, and the actions of 76 respondents (75.24%) were in the good category. Chi square test results between knowledge, attitudes, practices with the existence of larvae obtained p-value values in a row that is 0,000; 0.030; 0.012. And There is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes and action measures of dengue with dengue fever in Malalayang I Malalayang sub-district of Manado city in 2019. It is expected that health workers and the community can work together in handling aedes aegypti mosquito nests by conducting counseling and preventive actions that are more intensive especially counseling both directly and through the media in the form of stickers, billboards, and leaflets.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti Mosquito, Knowledge, Attitude, Practices