PENERAPAN PRINSIP HIGIENE DAN SANITASI MAKANAN DI PT. AEROPRIMA FOOD SERVICE MANADO

Abstract

Manusia memerlukan makanan untuk tetap bertahan hidup. Makanan yang aman untuk dikonsumsi ialah makanan yang bebas dari cemaran. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan 600 juta kasus penyakit bawaan makanan disebabkan oleh makanan yang terkontaminasi patogen (bakteri, virus, parasit atau zat kimia berbahaya). Makanan yang tidak diolah dengan prinsip higiene dan sanitasi makanan yang tepat bisa berdampak pada kesehatan manusia seperti menimbulkan penyakit dan keracunan akibat bahan kimia dan mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-Juli 2021 dengan tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan prinsip higiene dan sanitasi makanan di PT. Aeroprima Food Service Manado menggunakan metode penelitian campuran melalui observasi dan wawancara mendalam pada 8 informan. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan wawancara mendalam diperoleh bahwa pemahaman penjamah makanan memiliki pengetahuan baik sebesar 58% terkait prinsip higiene dan sanitasi makanan dan berdasarkan hasil observasi uji kelaikan fisik telah memenuhi persyaratan Permenkes RI No. 1096/Menkes/VI/2011  tetapi dalam pelaksanaannya belum berjalan maksimal seperti pada prinsip penyimpanan makanan jadi yang belum menggunakan penutup serta masih didapati beberapa penjamah makanan yang tidak menggunakan Alat Pelindung Diri dengan lengkap saat menjamah makanan. Pelaksanaan yang kurang maksimal karena dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya seperti pelatihan, kebiasaan, sarana-prasarana, sosial-ekonomi, program, dan sumber daya manusia di perusahaan tersebut. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan prinsip higiene dan sanitasi makanan di PT. Aeroprima Food Service Manado sudah berjalan dengan baik memenuhi persyaratan dalam Permenkes RI No. 1096/Menkes/VI/2011.

Kata kunci: Higiene, Sanitasi, Makanan, Penjamah Makanan

ABSTRACT
Humans need the source of food to survive. Food which is considered safe for consumption is free from contamination. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that 600 million cases of foodborne illness are mostly caused by contaminated pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites or harmful chemicals). Food which is processed with no proper principles of food hygiene and sanitation may affects human health in terms disease and food poison due to chemicals and microorganisms. This research was conducted in February-July 2021 which aimed to describe the Implementation principles of food hygiene and sanitation at PT. Aeroprima Food Service Manado by using mixed methods research through observation and in-depth interviews which consists 8 informants. The results of this research from in-depth interviews that covers the understanding of food handlers related to the principles of food hygiene and sanitation was well-decent by 58% and the observation results based on the physical fitness test  had notably comply with the requirements under The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia policy No. 1096/Menkes/VI/2011, but within its implementation, there are several aspects running not optimally such as the principle of storing cooked food which is not using cover yet and there are still some food handlers who did not use complete Personal Protective Equipment when handling food. The implementation is less optimal because it is influenced by several factors including training, habits, infrastructure, socio-economics, programs, and human resources in the company. In conclusion, this research of the implementation of the principles of food hygiene and sanitation at PT. Aeroprima Food Service Manado has been running well in accordance to the requirements from The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 1096/Menkes/VI/2011.

Keywords:  Hygiene, Sanitation, Food, Food Handler