Chronic pain in Post Covid-19 Patients

Thaliannisa E. Abas, Sekplin A.S Sekeon, Arthur H.P Mawuntu

Abstract


Abstract: Chronic pain is one of the clinical manifestations that is frequently reported  in post-Covid-19 patients. This condition may be triggered by specific psychosocial or biological stressors in some organs previously affected by the infection. This study aimed to obtain the incidence of chronic pain in post-Covid-19 patients and its pathomechanisms. This was a literature review study using two databases, PubMed and Science Direct, with the modified Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method for literature review. The results showed that there were 504 articles according to the keywords and 10 articles that matched the criteria. Chronic pain was experienced by 36.5%-62.5% of patients. Most literatures associated post-Covid-19 chronic pain with systemic tissue injury leading to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and the presence of somatization due to psychosocial and emotional distress. Infections experienced by post-Covid-19 patients affected the sensitivity of nociceptors as recipients of pain stimuli and nerve hypersensitivity so that patients can experience chronic pain for a long time. In conclusion, the incidence of chronic pain in post-Covid-19 patients is high. Post-Covid-19 chronic pain with systemic tissue injury leads to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and the presence of somatization due to psychosocial and emotional distress.

Keywords: chronic pain; post-Covid-19; pathomechanism

 

Abstrak: Nyeri kronis merupakan salah satu manifestasi klinis yang mulai banyak dilaporkan pada pasien post-Covid-19. Kondisi ini mungkin dipicu oleh stresor psikososial atau biologis spesifik pada beberapa organ yang sebelumnya terdampak infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan angka kejadian nyeri kronis pada pasien post-Covid-19 dan patomekanisme melalui telaah literatur menggunakan dua pangkalan data yaitu PubMed dan Science Direct dengan metode Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) yang dimodifikasi untuk telaah literatur. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 504 artikel sesuai kata kunci dan terdapat sepuluh artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Nyeri kronis dialami oleh 36,5% - 62,5% pasien. Sebagian besar literatur menghubungkan nyeri kronis post-Covid-19 dengan jejas jaringan sistemik yang menyebabkan peningkatan produksi sitokin proinflamasi serta adanya somatisasi akibat distres psikososial dan emosional. Infeksi yang pernah dialami oleh pasien post-Covid-19 memengaruhi sensitivitas nosiseptor sebagai penerima rangsangan nyeri serta hipersensitivitas saraf sehingga pasien dapat mengalami nyeri kronis secara berkepanjangan. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah angka kejadian nyeri kronis pada pasien post-Covid-19 cukup tinggi. Nyeri kronis post-Covid-19 terjadi karena adanya jejas jaringan secara sistemik yang menimbulkan peningkatan produksi sitokin proinflamasi serta adanya somatisasi akibat distres psikososial dan emosional. Kajian lanjut dan berulang perlu dilakukan mengingat adanya dinamika perkembangan kasus infeksi maupun varian.

Kata kunci: nyeri kronis; post-Covid-19; patomekanisme


Full Text:

PDF


DOI: https://doi.org/10.35790/msj.v3i2.35702

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


View My Stats