Efektifitas substitusi pakan buatan dari tepung maggot dan tepung ikan dengan persentase berbeda terhadap laju pertumbuhan ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus)

Abstract

Feed is the primary factor influencing the growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The instability of commercial feed prices poses a major challenge for tilapia farmers, mainly due to the high cost of fish meal, ranging from Rp 6,500–14,000/kg. Alternative protein sources, such as maggot meal (Hermetia illucens), are known for their high protein content (approximately 40–50%). This study aimed to evaluate the effects and differences of substituting fish meal with maggot meal on Nile tilapia growth performance. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replicates: Treatment A (100% fish meal), Treatment B (25% maggot meal + 75% fish meal), Treatment C (50% maggot meal + 50% fish meal), and Treatment D (75% maggot meal + 25% fish meal). Observed parameters included absolute weight gain, absolute length gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), survival rate (SR), and coefficient of variation (CV). Data were analyzed using ANOVA at a 5% significance level. Results showed that Treatment D yielded the best growth performance, with absolute weight gain of 5,10 g, absolute length gain of 1,77 cm, SR of 100%, SGR of 3,09%, FCR of 1,8, and CV of 6,16%, indicating relatively uniform growth. Treatment D outperformed Treatment A by 15,91%. Statistically, maggot meal substitution had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on tilapia growth, yet it shows potential as a sustainable alternative to fish meal amid feed price fluctuations.

Keywords: Nile tilapia, maggot meal, fish meal, fish feed, artificial feed, feed substitution, growth rate, fluctuating feed prices, commercial feed.