PROFIL MUSCULI FACIALIS PADA EKSPRESI WAJAH DAN EMOSI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN FACIAL ACTION CODING SYSTEM PADA CALON PRESIDEN PRABOWO

Abstract

Abstract: Limbic system consists of several subsystems with their own roles to back-up human emotion. Human emotion can be observed through facial expression which is controlled by musculi facialis. One of the tools that are used to determine basic emotion of human through facial expression is Facial Action Coding System (FACS) and its action units (AUs). This study aimed to obtain musculi facialis that oftenly and rarely be used by Prabowo and his emotion duringthe first session of 2014-Presidential election debate. This was a retrospective descriptive study. Samples were 30 photos of Prabowo’s emotional expression. The observation was performed by using FACS. The results showed that the most commonly used AU was AU 4 (26.92%), meanwhile the most rarely used AUs were AU 9 and AU 29, both were 0.96%. The obtained emotional expressions were happy (6.67%), sad (6.67%), fear (6.67%), angry (46.67%), surprised (3.33%), and disgusted (3.33%). Conclusion: The most commonly used musculus facialis was corrugator supercilii whereas the most rarely used ones were levator labii superioris alaquae nasi and masseter. The emotional expressions, consecutively from the most commonly to the most rarely observed, were angry; happy, as well as sad and fear, and surprised as well as disgust.
Keywords: emotion, facial expression, musculi facialis, FACS, AU

Abstrak: Sistem limbik terdiri dari sejumlah subsistem dengan peranannya masing-masing untuk mem-back up emosi manusia. Emosi manusia dapat diketahui melalui ekspresi wajah yang dihasilkan oleh kontraksi musculi facialis. Salah satu alat yang digunakan untuk menentukan emosi dasar manusia melalui ekspresi wajah ialah Facial Action Coding System (FACS) dan action units (AUs). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui musculi facialis yang paling sering dan paling jarang digunakan serta ekspresi emosi Prabowo pada debat calon presiden putaran pertama 2014. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif melalui pendekatan retrospektif dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 foto ekspresi wajah Prabowo. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dengan menggunakan FACS didapatkan AU yang paling sering digunakan ialah AU 4 (26,92%), sedangkan yang paling jarang digunakan ialah AU 9 dan AU 26 masing-masing 0,96%. Ekspresi emosi yang didapatkan ialah bahagia (6,67%), sedih (6,67%),takut (6,67%), marah (46,67%), terkejut (3,33%), dan jijik (3,33%). Simpulan: Musculi facialis yang paling sering digunakan ialah corrugator supercilii dan yang paling jarang ialah levator labii superioris alaquae nasi dan masseter. Ekspresi emosi dari yang paling sering sampai paling jarang tampak secara berturut-turut ialah marah; bahagia, sedih, dan takut; dan terkejut dan jijik.
Kata kunci: emosi, ekspresi wajah, musculi facialis, FACS.