Gambaran Kehamilan dengan Luaran Makrosomia Periode Januari – Desember 2014 di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v5i1.14765Abstract
Abstract: According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist and the World Health Organization, an infant who has a birth weight of more than 8 pounds (4.000 gram) is diagnosed as macrosomia. There are some risk factors that arise from fetal macrosomia such as diabetes, maternal obesity, and excessive weight gain during pregnancy. These risk are directly related to the birth weight of the infant and begin to increase substantially when birth weight exceeds 4.000 gram especially when it is more than 5.000 gram. This study was aimed to identify the description of pregnancy with macrosomia. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Data were obtained from patient records and survey in the Maternity Department of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. The results showed that the number of total pregnancies with macrosomia were 202 from 3,347 cases. The most common cases were multigravida with macrosomia (128 cases), gestational age 37-40 weeks (80 cases), maternal weight 61-80 kg (97 cases), and caesarean section as the type of labor (115 cases). Additionaly, most of the macrosomia cases were found in male infants, birth weight 4,000-4,250 grams (88 cases), and suffered from asphyxia.
Keywords: the pregnancy, macrosomia
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Abstrak: Menurut American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and World Health Organization, bayi dengan berat lebih dari 8 ons, 13 ons (4.000 gram) disebut makrosomia. Beberapa faktor risiko yang terkait dengan janin makrosomia seperti diabetes serta ibu dengan obesitas dan kenaikan berat badan yang berlebihan selama kehamilan. Risiko ini secara langsung berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir bayi dan mulai meningkat secara substansial ketika berat badan lahir melebihi 4.500 gram dan terutama ketika melebihi 5.000 gram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kehamilan dengan luaran makrosomia. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan catatan rekam medik pasien dan pendataan di bagian ruang bersalin RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jumlah kehamilan dengan luaran makrosomia sebanyak 202 dari 3.347 kasus yang tercatat dan terbanyak pada usia ibu 35-40 tahun (42 kasus). Luaran makrosomia terbanyak pada multigravida (128 kasus), usia kehamilan 37-40 minggu (80 kasus), berat badan ibu 61-80 kg (97 kasus), dan jenis persalinan seksio sesarea (115 kasus). Luaran makrosomia terbanyak pada bayi laki-laki dengan berat badan 4.000-4.250 gram (88 kasus), dan pada bayi asfiksia. Simpulan: Jumlah makrosomia sebanyak 202 kasus, terbanyak pada usia ibu 35-40 tahun, multigravida, usia kehamilan 37-40 minggu, berat badan ibu 61-80 kg, persalinan seksio sesarea, terbanyak pada bayi laki-laki dengan berat badan 4.000-4.250 gram dan bayi asfiksia.
Kata kunci: gambaran kehamilan, luaran makrosomia
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