Osteoporosis: Diagnosis and Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v9i2.32967Abstract
Abstrak: Osteoporosis merupakan penyakit tulang yang paling sering dijumpai dan memiliki hubungan erat dengan risiko fraktur sehingga merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang besar. Penyakit ini lebih sering ditemukan pada perempuan usia lanjut dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor. Tulisan ini merupakan suatu kajian pustaka dengan tujuan untuk menyampaikan konsep dasar dan pemahaman yang lebih baik yang dibutuhkan dalam pengelolaan penyakit ini. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan penyakit ini membutuhkan strategi tatalaksana yang harus disesuaikan pada setiap pasien, yang meliputi modifikasi gaya hidup, pengelolaan faktor risiko dan terapi farmakologis agar dapat menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas serta komplikasi yang ditimbulkan oleh penyakit ini. Dibutuhkan penelitian lanjut untuk memberikan bukti dan memberikan pedoman agar pengelolaan penyakit dapat menjadi lebih baik.
Kata kunci: osteoporosis, risiko fraktur, densitas mineral tulang
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Abstract: Osteoporosis is the most commonly bone disease and is highly associated with an increased risk of future fracture furthermore makes it a major public health problem. The disease is most prevalent in older females with multifactorial etiology. This was a literature review using relevant articles. The aim of this study was to provide basic concept and better understanding which is needed to manage the disease. This review showed that individualized treatment strategy is needed. Lifestyle modification, risk factor management, and pharmacological treatment are required to deal with the condition as well as reduced morbidity and mortality caused by the disease and its complication. Further study of this disease needs to be conducted to provide more evidences and guidelines to achieve better management of the disease.
Keywords: osteoporosis, fracture risk, bone mineral density
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