Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Sakit Perut Berulang pada Anak
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v14i2.66623Keywords:
sakit perut berulang; usia; jenis kelamin; status gizi; pola makanAbstract
Abstract: Recurrent abdominal pain is defined as abdominal pain that occurs for at least two months prior to diagnosis and at a frequency of at least four times per month, without an identifiable organic cause. The risk factors associated with this condition include age, sex, dietary patterns, and nutritional status. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the occurrence of recurrent abdominal pain among children at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital Manado. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained from medical records, involving 70 children as samples, consisting of 35 children with recurrent abdominal pain as the case group and 35 children without recurrent abdominal pain as the control group. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression to obtain adjusted odds ratios (AOR). The results showed significant associations between age (p=0.003), sex (p=0.003), and dietary patterns (p<0.001) with recurrent abdominal pain, whereas nutritional status was not significantly associated (p=0.081). Multivariate analysis identified three independent risk factors: school-age children (AOR=4.26; p=0.014), female sex (AOR=10.41; p=0.004), and the presence of dietary triggering patterns (AOR = 55.72; p=0.007). In conclusion, age, sex, and dietary patterns are significant risk factors for recurrent abdominal pain in children. Understanding these factors is essential for early identification of at-risk groups and for planning more effective preventive strategies.
Keywords: recurrent abdominal pain; age; sex; nutritional status; dietary patterns
Abstrak: Sakit perut berulang adalah sakit perut yang terjadi minimal dua bulan sebelum diagnosis dan terjadi setidaknya 4 kali per bulan tanpa penyebab organik yang jelas. Faktor risiko kondisi ini meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, pola makan, dan status gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian sakit perut berulang pada anak di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh melalui data rekam medis sebanyak 70 anak menjadi sampel, terdiri dari 35 anak dengan sakit perut berulang sebagai kelompok kasus dan 35 anak tanpa sakit perut berulang sebagai kelompok kontrol. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik biner untuk memperoleh adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia (p=0,003), jenis kelamin (p=0,003), dan pola makan (p<0,001) dengan kejadian sakit perut berulang, sedangkan status gizi tidak berhubungan (p=0,081). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan tiga faktor risiko independen, yaitu usia sekolah (AOR=4,26; p=0,014), jenis kelamin perempuan (AOR=10,41; p=0,004), dan adanya pola makan pencetus (AOR=55,72; p=0,007). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah usia, jenis kelamin, dan pola makan merupakan faktor risiko bermakna terhadap sakit perut berulang pada anak. Pemahaman mengenai faktor-faktor ini penting untuk membantu identifikasi dini kelompok berisiko dan perencanaan strategi pencegahan yang lebih efektif.
Kata kunci: sakit perut berulang; usia; jenis kelamin; status gizi; pola makan
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