PREVALENSI ANEMIA PADA PASIEN GAGAL JANTUNG DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO PERIODE 2013
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v3i1.6748Abstract
Abstract: Anemia is common in heart failure patients, especially in patients with old age, female, chronic kidney disease, ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors) users and in patients with severe congestive heart failure. Anemia is an independent prognostic factor for mortality. Anemia is characterized by the value of hemoglobin less than 13 g / dl in men and less than 12 g / dl in women. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia in patients with heart failure. This was a descriptive retrospective study. The samples of this study were 834 medical records of hospitalization and ambulatory patients in RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado which had hematology examination results in 2013. The results showed that the prevalence of anemia in heart failure patients was 33.6% and mostly were mild anemia (57%). Although not so significant, the proportion of female patients with anemia were higher (33,57%) than male (33,54%). The over 64 years group has the highest proportion of all age groups. Conclusion: Anemia is common in heart failure patients, especially those aged over 64 years. There was no significant difference between the proportion of women and men who were anemic. Most patients suffered from mild anemia.
Keywords: anemia, heart failure, prevalence
Abstrak: Anemia sering ditemukan pada gagal jantung terutama pada pasien yang berusia tua, dengan jenis kelamin perempuan, menderita kelainan ginjal kronik, pengguna ACE inhibitor (angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor) dan pada pasien dengan gagal jantung kongestif yang parah. Anemia merupakan faktor prognostik independen terhadap kematian. Anemia ditandai dengan nilai hemoglobin kurang dari 13 g/dl pada laki-laki dan kurang dari 12 g/dl pada perempuan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi anemia pada pasien gagal jantung. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 834 rekam medis pasien rawat inap dan rawat jalan di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado yang memiliki hasil pemeriksaan hematologi. Hasail penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi anemia pada pasien gagal jantung adalah 33,6% dan sebagian besar menderita anemia ringan (57%). Walaupun tidak begitu signifikan, proporsi dari pasien perempuan dengan anemia lebih tinggi (33,57%) dibandingkan pria (33,54%). Kelompok umur lebih dari 64 thun memiliki proporsi tertinggi dibadingkan semua kelompok umur. Simpulan: Anemia sering ditemukan pada pasien gagal jantung, terutama yang berusia lebih dari 64 tahun. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara proporsi dari peremuan dan laki-laki yang menderita anemia. Kebanyakan pasien menderita anemia ringan.
Kata kunci: anemia, gagal jantung, prevalensi
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