EFEKTIFITAS EKSHUMASI DALAM MEMPERKIRAKAN SAAT MATI DI BAGIAN ILMU FORENSIK DAN MEDIKOLEGAL FK UNSRAT BLU RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v3i2.8435Abstract
Abstract: Determination of time of death is very important in criminal or civil cases. Exhumation is demolition of grave or autopsy which is conducted for justice by the authorities and stakeholders and the corpse is subsequently examined by a forensic expert. It is expected that there will be some clues to reveal the time and cause of death. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of exhumation by using the time span ratio of deaths according to the autopsy report and deaths according to the results of the examination after exhumation. This was a retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data in the Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal Department, Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. There were 13 cases of exhumation from October untul December 2014, with a percentage of 46% effective and ineffective 54%. From the 7 ineffective cases, 3 cases with undetermined time of death because they were preserved. Four cases had the comparison between the letter of request and the results of the examination. The other 6 cases had accuracy of effective. Conclusion: Exhumation cases became ineffective due to the lack of cases found and preservation of the corpses.
Keywords: time of death, exhumation
Abstrak: Menentukan saat kematian penting dilakukan baik pada kasus kriminal atau sipil. Ekshumasi adalah penggalian mayat atau pembongkaran kubur yang dilakukan demi keadilan oleh yang berwenang dan berkepentingan dimana selanjutnya mayat tersebut diperiksa secara ilmu kedokteran forensik. Dari hasil ekshumasi dapat dilihat temuan pemeriksaan pada mayat yang dapat menentukan atau memperkirakan lama kematian dan penyebab kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efektif atau tidaknya ekshumasi dilihat dari perbandingan rentang waktu lama kematian menurut permintaan visum dan lama kematian menurut hasil pemeriksaan setelah ekshumasi. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data sekunder diperoleh di Bagian Forensik dan Medikolegal FK Unsrat RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado bulan Oktober – Desember 2014. Kasus ekshumasi yang didapat sejumlah 13 kasus: 46% efektif dan 54% tidak efektif. Dari 7 kasus yang tidak efektif, 3 kasus tidak dapat ditentukan lama kematian menurut hasil pemeriksaan karena telah diawetkan terlebih dahulu dan 4 kasus mempunyai perbandingan hari antara surat permintaan dan hasil pemeriksaan. Enam kasus lainnya mempunyai ketepatan atau efektif. Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini, sebagian kasus ekshumasi tidak efektif karena minimnya kasus yang ditemukan dan sebagian kasus sudah dilakukan pengawetan.
Kata kunci: saat kematian, ekshumasi
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