e-CliniC

First Endoscopic-Guided Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (ePSL) with Prone Split-Leg Position in Manado

2024-11-26T20:25:42+08:00

Abstract: Literature has not yet defined the best position for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) based on the complexity of the stone burden. This case of left-sided complex kidney stones underwent endoscopic-guided PCNL in an PSL (prone split-leg position). A 61-year-old woman with a chief complaint of right pelvic pain. Standard prone PCNL was planned for this patient, however, due to so much debris in the pelviocalyceal system during URS evaluation and ureter catheter insertion, we decided to puncture with ultrasound guidance rather than fluoroscopy. Intraoperatively there was residual superior calyx stone that was beyond the reach of nephroscope. We decided not to do a double puncture because of poor vision due to the floating debris. In the second procedure, the ePSL method was utilized. A C-arm and nephroscope examination revealed no active bleeding, no infundibulum laceration, and no remaining stones. The primary goals of this method were to remove stones from the urinary tract throughout the entire tract using a one-step, one-access procedure that made the most of the full range of endourologic equipment. There were a number of reasons why the prone split-leg position was chosen, including operator preference, familiarity with the position, and the inability to make a direct puncture in the upper pole. The main drawback was that patient would not be able to see how well and safely this method worked over time. In conclusion, complex kidney stones can be treated with ePSL performed in the prone split-leg position, which is a safe procedure with a low risk of complications.

Keywords: percutaneous nephrolithotomy; prone split-leg position; complex kidney stones

Neoadjuvant Lenvatinib in Advanced Unresectable Thyroid Carcinoma: Case Series and Literature Review

2024-11-05T09:21:56+08:00

Abstract: Lenvatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has shown potential as a neoadjuvant therapy for inoperable thyroid cancer (TC). In this case series, we present three patients with unresectable thyroid tumors who responded favorably to lenvatinib treatment. A 60-year-old male with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) experienced a 60% tumor volume reduction after five months of therapy. A 61-year-old male with medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) saw a 99% reduction after four months of lenvatinib and decrease of serum calcitonin and no residual disease six months after surgery. Lastly, a 67-year-old female with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) showed a 70% tumor reduction and significant symptomatic relief. These cases highlight lenvatinib’s efficacy in reducing tumor size and stabilizing disease, improving surgical outcomes in patients initially deemed inoperable due to locally advanced tumors. Lenvatinib’s antitumor effects, driven by its antiangiogenic properties, suggest its potential as a valuable neoadjuvant treatment option in advanced thyroid cancer.

Keywords: thyroid carcinoma; lenvatinib; case series

Karakteristik Pasien dengan Epistaksis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

2024-12-08T23:00:51+08:00

Abstract: Blood vessels of nasal cavity are susceptible to trauma, causing epistaxis or nosebleeds. Although often self-limiting, epistaxis is considered as an emergency by the otorhinolaryngology field, with the risk of increased costs and morbidity in elderly patients. Local factors such as nasal trauma and systemic factors such as hypertension can cause epistaxis. This study aimed to obtain the characteristics of patients with epistaxis at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This waas a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross sectional approach. The results showed that epistaxis was most common in adults (64.1%) and male patients (55.1%). Most cases of epistaxis occurred idiopathically (47.4%) due to anterior bleeding (97.4%). Anterior tampon was the most frequently performed treatment (64.1%). In conclusion, epistaxis often occurs in males and adult ages. Most cases of epistaxis occur idiopathically. Bleeding occurs more often from the anterior blood vessels (97.4%) which causes most treatment to be carried out by inserting an anterior tampon. Therefore, further examination is necessary to determine the cause of the bleeding.

Keywords: epistaxis; idiopathic cause; anterior bleeding; nasal packing

Abstrak: Rongga hidung memiliki pembuluh darah yang rentan terhadap trauma yang dapat menyebabkan epistaksis. Meskipun sering sembuh sendiri, epistaksis dianggap kegawatdaruratan oleh bidang THT-KL, dengan risiko biaya dan morbiditas meningkat pada pasien lanjut usia. Faktor lokal seperti trauma hidung dan faktor sistemik seperti hipertensi dapat menyebabkan epistaksis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien dengan epistaksis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan epistaksis paling banyak dialami oleh usia dewasa (64,1%), lebih banyak terjadi pada laki-laki (55,1%). Kebanyakan kasus epistaksis pada penelitian ini terjadi secara idiopatik (47,4%) dengan perdarahan pembuluh darah anterior (97,4%). Pemasangan tampon anterior merupakan penanganan yang paling sering dilakukan (64,1%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah epistaksis sering terjadi pada laki-laki, usia dewasa, secara idiopatik, dan terjadi di pembuluh darah anterior dengan penanganan pemasangan tampon anterior. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pemeriksaan lebih lanjut untuk memastikan penyebab perdarahan.

Kata kunci: epistaksis; idiopatik; perdarahan anterior; tampon

Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Enterokolitis Nekrotikan pada Neonatus

2024-12-08T21:48:35+08:00

Abstract: Necrotizing enterocolitis is inflammation of babies' digestive tract and the main cause of morbidity and mortality of premature neonates in the NICU. The exact etiology of necrotizing enterocolitis is not known so far. This study aimed to determine prematurity, formula feeding, sepsis, anemia, congenital heart disease and preeclampsia/eclampsia in mothers as risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates and other risk factors that influence the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis. This was a quantitative and analytical study with a cross sectional design. Sampling techniques were total sampling of necrotizing enterocolitis cases (38 patients) and executive sampling for control cases (38 patients) admitted to Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado using data of medical records. The results of the distribution table analysis and chi-square test showed that the risk factors analyzed that had p<0.05, namely prematurity (p<0.001), and sepsis (p<0.001). Other variables did not have significant relationships with the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (p>0.05), as follows: formula milk consumption (p>0.387), anemia (p>0.234), congenital heart disease (p>0.556), and mothers with preeclampsia/ eclampsia (p>0.556). In conclusion, prematurity and sepsis are risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou General Hospital, Manado.

Keywords: risk factors; necrotizing enterocolitis; neonates

Abstrak: Enterokolitis nekrotikan (EKN) merupakan peradangan pada usus saluran cerna bayi yang menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas neonatus prematur di NICU. Tingkat kematian EKN makin tinggi pada bayi yang lebih kecil. Sampai saat ini etiologi yang jelas mengenai EKN belum diketahui secara pasti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prematur, pemberian susu formula, sepsis, anemia, penyakit jantung bawaan, dan preeklamsi/eklamsi pada ibu sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya EKN pada neonatus, dan mengetahui faktor risiko lain yang memengaruhi kejadian EKN. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Teknik sampling penelitian ialah total sampling pada kasus EKN 38 pasien dan executive sampling pada kontrol EKN 38 pasien yang dirawat di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado melalui sumber data rekam medis. Hasil analisis tabel distribusi dan uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko yang dianalisis mempunyai p<0,05 ialah faktor prematur (p<0,001), dan sepsis (p<0,001). Variabel lainnya tidak hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian EKN dengan nilai p>0,05 sebagai berikut: pemberian susu formula (p>0,387), anemia (p>0,234), penyakit jantung bawaan (p>0,556), dan preeklamsi/eklamsi pada ibu (p>0,556). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah prematur dan sepsis merupakan faktor risiko terjadinya enterokolitis nekrotikan pada neonatus di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado.

Kata kunci: faktor risiko; enterokolitis nekrotikan; neonatus

Hubungan Gagal Jantung Iskemik dengan Jumlah Faktor Risiko Penyakit Jantung Koroner terhadap Lama Rawat Inap di Rumah Sakit

2024-03-27T11:06:27+08:00

Abstract: Heart failure is one of the cardiovascular diseases with high hospitalization and mortality rates. Ischemic heart failure is a type of heart failure that is caused by coronary heart disease. Risk factors for coronary heart disease include age, sex, family history, early menopause, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) is a matrix to measure the length of time a patient stays in the hospital. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between ischemic heart failure and many risk factors for coronary heart disease on the length of stay at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. This was an observational and analytical study with cohort studies with a retrospective approach during the period September 2021 – October 2023. The results showed that there were 112 cases with 70 samples that met the inclusion criteria and found 26 cases with a length of stay of >7 days and 44 cases with a length of stay of ≤7 days. Based on the bivariate analysis that has been performed on patients with ischemic heart failure who undergo hospitalization, it shows that there is no significant relationship between the number of risk factors for coronary heart disease and the longer length of hospitalization. In conclusion, there is no significant association between the number of risk factors for coronary heart disease and the longer length of stay in patients with ischemic heart failure.

Keywords: ischemic heart failure; coronary heart disease risk factors; length of stay

Abstrak: Gagal jantung merupakan salah satu penyakit kardiovaskular dengan angka kematian dan perawatan di rumah sakit yang tinggi. Gagal jantung iskemik merupakan gagal jantung yang diakibatkan oleh penyakit jantung koroner. Faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner antara lain, usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat keluarga, menopause dini, merokok, hipertensi, dislipidemia, dan diabetes melitus. Lama rawat inap atau Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) merupakan matriks untuk mengukur lama waktu rawat inap pasien di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan gagal jantung iskemik dengan Jumlah faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner terhadap lama rawat inap di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan studi kohort dengan pendekatan restrospektif selama periode September 2021 - Oktober 2023. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 112 kasus dengan 70 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan didapatkan 26 kasus dengan lama rawat >7 hari dan 44 kasus dengan lama rawat ≤7 hari. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat yang telah dilakukan pada pasien gagal jantung iskemik yang menjalani rawat inap menunjukkan bahwa tidak didapatkan hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner dengan lama rawat inap yang lebih lama. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara jumlah faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner dengan lama rawat yang lebih lama pada pasien gagal jantung iskemik.

Kata kunci: gagal jantung iskemik; faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner; lama rawat inap

Odontogenic Necrotizing Fasciitis in the Neck and Thoracic Region: A Case Report

2024-03-19T07:36:56+08:00

Abstract: Mediastinitis and necrotizing fasciitis are the most threatening complications of odontogenic infection that are not appropriately treated. We reported a 32-year-old woman with odontogenic necrotizing fasciitis in the neck and thoracic region due to second and third lower molar infection that started and progressed in ten weeks. This disease course was initiated by a small abscess in the submandibular region that spread to the neck and right chest. This condition did not progress into mediastinitis which had a poorer prognosis. Early rupture of the abscess may prevent the extent of the infection into the mediastinum. The patient’s condition improved after consuming antibiotic, analgesic, and debridement performed on her. The case management was consistent with the literature. The patient only came for first follow-up and then loss-to-follow-up. Therefore, skin flap surgery cannot be conducted.

Keywords: necrotizing fasciitis; odontogenic source; neck; thoracic region

Hubungan Kepatuhan Penggunaan Obat Antihipertensi dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hipertensi

2024-11-04T23:55:11+08:00

Abstract: Hypertension is a condition where systolic and diastolic blood pressure exceeds values of 140 mmHg and 90 mmHg, respectively. Patient compliance related to the use of antihypertensive drugs is a major factor in improving the quality of life of hypertensive patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the level of compliance in consumption of antihypertensive drugs and the quality of life of hypertensive patients at Puskesmas Kawangkoan (public health center). This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 80 patients as samples were obtained using purposive sampling technique. Data on the level of compliance with drug use were obtained from the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) questionnaire and the Short-Form 36 (SF 36) questionnaire to measure quality of life in hypertensive patients. The results obtained 80 patients as samples. Data were statistically analyzed using the Spearman-rho test which showed a significant relationship between the level of compliance in drug consumption and the quality of life of hypertensive patients at Puskesmas Kawangkoan (p=0.000<0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between the level of compliance in antihypertensive drug consumption and the quality of life of hypertensive patients at Puskesmas Kawangkoan.

Keywords: hypertension; medication adherence; quality of life.

Abstrak: Hipertensi adalah keadaan dimana tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik melebihi nilai 140 mmHg dan 90 mmHg. Kepatuhan pasien dalam penggunaan obat antihipertensi merupakan faktor utama dalam peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat antihipertensi dengan kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kawangkoan. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian diperoleh dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat diperoleh dari kuesioner Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) dan kuesioner Short-Form 36 (SF 36) untuk mengukur kualitas hidup pada pasien hipertensi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 80 pasien sebagai sampel. Hasil uji Spearman-rho menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat dengan kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi (p=0,000<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat kepatuhan penggunaan obat antihipertensi dengan kualitas hidup pasien hipertensi di Puskesmas Kawangkoan.

Kata kunci: hipertensi; kepatuhan penggunaan obat; kualitas hidup

Profil Malaria pada Remaja di Kota Bitung Periode Juli – November 2023

2025-01-19T13:37:12+08:00

Abstract: In North Sulawesi, malaria remains as a significant health issue, indicated by the high number of clinical cases and positive results in several areas. Bitung City is an area with sandy soil and is directly adjacent to the coastline, with a high population density. Residing in a malaria-endemic area makes the population of Bitung City vulnerable to malaria, especially teenager who are in the explorative age group. This study aimed to determine the profile of malaria among teenagers in Bitung City during the period of July to November 2023. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The data obtained were organized in the form of frequency distribution tables, and discussed according to malaria agents and the respondents’ gender. The results showed that there were more male respondents than females (59%:41%). The most frequent type of malaria agent was Plasmodium vivax (49%), and less in Plasmodium falciparum (6%); none in Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae (0%). In conclusion, the dominant malaria parasite species among teenagers in Bitung was Plasmodium vivax. There are more male teenagers suffering from malaria than female teenagers.

Keywords: Plasmodium; malaria; teenagers; gender

Abstrak: Di Sulawesi Utara malaria masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang ditunjukkan oleh tingginya jumlah kasus klinis dan hasil positif pada beberapa daerah. Kota Bitung ialah wilayah dengan tanah berpasir dan berbatasan langsung dengan garis pantai yang memiliki kepadatan penduduk tinggi. Berdiam di wilayah endemik malaria membuat penduduk Kota Bitung rentan terhadap malaria, khususnya usia remaja yang merupakan usia eksploratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil malaria pada remaja di Kota Bitung periode Juli – November 2023. Jenis penelitian ini ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Data perolehan disusun dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi, dan dibahas menurut agen malaria dan jenis kelamin responden. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jenis kelamin responden paling banyak ialah laki-laki (59%), lebih sedikit pada perempuan (41%). Jenis agen malaria responden paling banyak ialah Plasmodium vivax (49%), sedikit pada Plasmodium falciparum (6%), dan tidak ada pada Plasmodium ovale dan Plasmodium malariae (0%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah spesies parasit malaria yang dominan di Bitung ialah Plasmodium vivax. Penderita malaria didapatkan lebih banyak pada remaja laki-laki dibandingkan remaja perempuan.

Kata kunci: plasmodium; malaria; remaja; jenis kelamin

Gambaran Komplikasi Terapi Intervensi Koroner Perkutan dengan Akses Transradial pada Pasien Penyakit Jantung Koroner

2025-01-19T13:46:56+08:00

Abstract: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a serious health problem worldwide. Currently, the most common procedure for removing atherosclerotic plaque is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to describe the complications of PCI therapy with transradial access in patients with CHD at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were medical records of CHD patients undergoing PCI with transradial access during the period January-December 2022. The results showed that the percentage of complications from percutaneous coronary intervention with transradial access was 4.3% with the highest complication was radial artery spasm (35.3%). The characteristics of those that experienced the most complications were age range 61-75 years (53.5%), males (53.5%), and body mass index 18.5-24.9 kg/m². In conclusion, the rate of transradial access complication at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado was low. Complications were more common in males of older age and had normal body mass index. This might be influenced by the number of coronary heart disease patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with transradial access was dominated by males.

Keywords: transradial access; coronary heart disease; percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstrak: Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) masih merupakan masalah kesehatan serius dunia. Saat ini prosedur paling umum untuk menghilangkan plak aterosklerosis tersebut dengan intervensi koroner perkutan (IKP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran komplikasi terapi intervensi koroner perkutan dengan akses transradial pada pasien PJK di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado selama periode Januari-Desember 2022. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah rekam medis pasien PJK yang menjalani IKP akses transradial. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan persentase terjadi komplikasi IKP dengan akses transradial sebesar 4,3%, dengan komplikasi terbanyak yakni spasme arteri radial (35,3%). Karakteristik pasien yang mengalami komplikasi terbanyak ialah rentang usia 61-75 tahun (53,5%), laki-laki (53,5%), dan indeks massa tubuh 18,5-24,9 kg/m². Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tingkat komplikasi terkait akses transradial di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado tergolong rendah. Komplikasi lebih banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki dengan rentang usia lebih tua dan memiliki indeks massa tubuh normal. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh total sampel pasien penyakit jantung koroner yang menjalani intervensi koroner perkutan dengan akses transradial didominasi oleh laki-laki.

Kata kunci: akses transradial; penyakit jantung koroner; intervensi koroner perkutan

Profil Pasien Inflammatory Bowel Disease di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Tahun 2020 - 2022

2025-01-19T13:56:45+08:00

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammation occurring in the digestive tract, divided into two types, namely ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). This study aimed to obtain the profile of inflammatory bowel disease patients based on gender, age, and the most common clinical manifestations at the Gastroenterology Division of the Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Hospital from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. This was a retrospective descriptive study using patients’ medical records from 2020 to 2022. The results showed that there were 86 IBD patients, with 49 CD cases and 37 UC cases; males (n=54) and females (n=32); age>45 years (65.1%), age 25-45 years (26.7%), and age<25 years (8.1%). Clinical presentations included abdominal pain, epigastric pain, liquid stools, weakness, and bloody stools. In conclusion, patients with inflammatory bowel disease were more prevalent in Chron disease than ulcerative colitis. Males were more common than females and the majority were over 45 years old. The most common clinical manifestation was abdominal pain.

Keywords: inflammatory bowel disease; Crohn's disease; ulcerative colitis

Abstrak: Penyakit radang usus merupakan radang idiopatik kronis yang terjadi pada saluran pencernaan yang dibagi atas dua jenis yaitu kolitis ulseratif (KU) dan penyakit Crohn (PC). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pasien radang usus berdasarkan jenis kelamin, usia, dan gambaran klinis tersering di Divisi Gastroenterologi Ilmu Penyakit Dalam RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 1 Januari 2020 - 31 Desember 2022. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder pasien selama periode tahun 2020 - 2022. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jumlah pasien radang usus (n=86), PC (n=49), dan KU (n=37); laki-laki (n=54) dan perempuan (n=32); usia >45 tahun (65,1%), usia 25-45 tahun (26,7%), dan usia <25 tahun (8,1%). Gambaran klinis nyeri perut, nyeri ulu hati, BAB cair, lemah badan, dan BAB darah. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pasien radang usus lebih banyak terdapat pada penyakit Crohn daripada kolitis ulserosa, didominasi oleh laki-laki dan usia >45 tahun. Gambaran klinis yang paling sering ditemukan ialah nyeri perut.

Kata kunci: penyakit radang usus; kolitis ulseratif; penyakit Crohn

Hubungan Usia Menarche dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Siswi Sekolah Menengah Atas

2025-01-19T14:05:57+08:00

Abstract: Puberty is an important stage in the process of human growth and development. Menarche is the first menstrual period experienced by women. Early menarche is caused by various factors, one of which is nutritional status, which can be determined in adolescents by using body mass index (BMI). Early menarche causes increased risks of metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between menarche age and body mass index among senior highs school students. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling technique used was simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test with a significance level of 0.05. The results obtained 246 female students as respondents. Majority of respondents experienced normal menarchial age (82.9%), and had normal BMI (58.1%). The Spearman correlation test obtained a p=0.000 (<0.05) and an r=-0.222, indicating a weak significant correlation with a negative direction. In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between the age of menarche and Body Mass Index among female students at SMAN 3 Manado. This implies that a higher BMI is associated with a greater likelihood of experiencing early menarche.

Keywords: age of menarche; body mass index

Abstrak: Pubertas merupakan tahapan penting dalam proses pertumbuhan dan pekembangan manusia. Menarche merupakan periode menstruasi pertama yang dialami oleh seorang perempuan. Penurunan usia menarche ke semakin dini disebabkan oleh berbagai macam faktor salah satunya ialah status gizi. Menarche yang semakin dini menyebabkan peningkatan resiko penyakit sindrom metabolik, diabetes melitus, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan kanker payudara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan usia menarche dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pada siswi Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yakni simple random sampling. Untuk mengetahui status gizi digunakan IMT. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 246 siswi sebagai responden. Sebagian besar responden memiliki usia menarche normal (82,9%) dan juga IMT normal (58,1%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman mendapatkan nilai p=0,000 (<0,05) dan r=-0,222 yang menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah dan arah korelasi negatif. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia menarche dengan indeks massa tubuh pada siswi di SMAN 3 Manado, dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah dan arah korelasi negatif. Semakin besar IMT maka semakin tinggi kemungkinan mengalami menarche lebih dini.

Kata kunci: usia menarche; indeks massa tubuh

Profil Kasus Amputasi Jari Traumatik di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bitung Selang 1 Januari 2020 – 30 April 2023

2025-02-05T22:57:49+08:00

Abstract: Finger injury is one of the most common types of accidents with varied impacts. The diagnosis of finger amputation is usually based on anamnesis of the history of the mechanism of trauma, the cause of trauma, the extent of contamination in the wound area, and direct clinical physical examination of the amputated finger. This study aimed to obtain the profile of traumatic amputation of finger at Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bitung from January 1 to April 30, 2023. This was a descriptive and retrospective study with a cross sectional design. Data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed as traumatic amputation of finger from January 1, 2020 to April 30, 2023. The results showed a total of 15 patients consisted of 13 males (87%) and two females (13%). Domestic accident was the most common cause, besides work accidents and traffic accidents. The most common type of trauma is sharp trauma and surgical procedures were performed in the form of stump repair and reamputation due to serious wound contamination and coming to the hospital after more than 24 hours. In conclusion, traumatic amputation of finger is most common among males, aged 10-60 years, sharp trauma, located in digiti II and III, and duration more than 24 hours, therefore, patients have to undergo stump repair, followed by dysartuculation and debridement.

Keywords: finger amputation; finger injuries; finger trauma

Abstrak: Cedera jari tangan merupakan salah satu jenis kecelakaan yang tersering dengan dampak bervariasi. Diagnosis amputasi jari biasanya didasarkan pada anamnesis riwayat mekanisme terjadinya trauma, penyebab trauma, besarnya kontaminasi pada area luka, serta pemeriksaan fisik klinis secara langsung ke jari yang teramputasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan profil kasus amputasi jari traumatik di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Bitung selang 1 Januari 2020–30 April 2023. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui penelusuran catatan medik penderita yang dirawat dengan diagnosis amputasi jari traumatik selang periode 1 Januari 2020 sampai dengan 30 April 2023. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 15 penderita selama selang waktu tersebut, terdiri dari 13 laki-laki (87%) dan dua perempuan (13%). Kejadian terbanyak didapatkan pada kecelakaan domestik selain kecelakaan kerja dan kecelakaan lalu lintas. Jenis trauma terbanyak ialah trauma tajam dan telah dilakukan tindakan pembedahan berupa stump repair serta reamputasi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kasus amputasi jari traumatik yang tersering pada jenis kelamin laki-laki, usia 10-60 tahun, penyebab trauma tajam, lokasi pada digiti II dan III, dengan durasi tindakan lebih dari 24 jam, dan karenanya mengharuskan pasien untuk menjalan prosedur stump repair, diikuti dengan disartikulasi dan debridemen.

Kata kunci: amputasi jari; cedera jari; trauma jari

Hubungan Penggunaan Gawai dengan Kejadian Sindroma Mata Kering pada Mahasiswa

2025-02-09T15:27:27+08:00

Abstract: Gadgets have become a fundamental necessity in contemporary human life, especially for students to aid in their educational process. Uncontrolled gadget usage can lead to detrimental health effects, particularly in the eyes, such as decreased blinking reflex, resulting in increased evaporation and dry eye syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between gadget usage and dry eye syndrome among students. This was an analytical and observational with a cross-sectional design, using simple random sampling. Samples were 193 students of the Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that of the three categories, there were only respondents with high gadget usage (22.8%) and moderate gadget usage (77.2%). Based on OSDI, 5.2% of respondents were categorized as moderate and 94.8% as poor. The Spearman correlation test obtained a p-value of 0.011 (<0.05) and r = 0.182, indicating a significant relationship between gadget usage and dry eye syndrome with a positive and very weak correlation. In conclusion, there is a significant correlation between gadget usage and the incidence of dry eye syndrome among students at the Faculty of Engineering, Department of Informatics Engineering at Universitas Sam Ratulangi. The higher the gadget usage, the higher the risk of dry eye syndrome.

Keywords: gadget usage; dry eye syndrome

Abstrak: Gawai menjadi salah satu kebutuhan dasar dalam kehidupan manusia saat ini, terlebih bagi mahasiswa untuk membantu proses pendidikan. Penggunaan gawai yang tidak terkontrol dapat menimbulkan efek berbahaya bagi kesehatan, salah satunya pada mata, yaitu terjadinya penurunan refleks berkedip yang mengakibatkan peningkatan evaporasi pada mata sehingga terjadi mata kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan antara penggunaan gawai dengan kejadian sindroma mata kering pada mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Teknik pengambilan sampel yakni simple random sampling. Sampel penelitian ini ialah 193 mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa dari ketiga kriteria penilaian, hanya didapatkan responden dengan penggunaan gawai tinggi (22,8%) dan penggunaan gawai sedang (77,2%). Berdasarkan kategori OSDI didapatkan responden dengan kategori sedang (5,2%) dan kategori berat (94,8%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman dengan perolehan nilai p sebesar 0,011 (p<0,05) menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan gawai dan sindroma mata kering. Nilai koefisien 0,182 menunjukkan korelasi yang sangat lemah dan searah. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan gawai dengan kejadian sindroma mata kering pada mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik Jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Semakin tinggi penggunaan gawai, semakin tinggi kejadian sindroma mata kering.

Kata kunci: penggunaan gawai; sindroma mata kering

Hubungan Faktor-Faktor Risiko dengan Persalinan Prematur di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode 2021–2022

2025-02-09T15:36:28+08:00

Abstract: Preterm labor is still a global health challenge worldwide. The causes of preterm labor are multifactorial including age, parity, the amount of ANC, PROM, antepartum hemorrhage, and PEB. This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors (age, parity, number of ANC, history of preterm labor, PROM, antepartum hemorrhage, and severe preeclampsia) with the incidence of preterm labor at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was a retrospective and analytical study with a cross-sectional design using medical records of all deliveries at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from 2021 to 2022. Samples were childbirths during the mentioned period, including preterm labor that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that the most common preterm labor category was moderate to late preterm (32 - <37 weeks) as many as 135 out of 199 cases of preterm labors. There was no significant relationship between age, parity, and PROM with preterm labor (p>0.05). Meanwhile, there was a significant relationship between the number of ANC, history of preterm labor, antepartum hemorrhage, and severe preeclampsia with preterm labor (p<0.05). In conclusion, there was a significant relationship between total ANC, history of preterm labor, antepartum hemorrhage, severe preeclampsia, and preterm labor. However, there was no significant association between age, parity, PROM, and preterm labor.

Keywords: risk factors; preterm labor

Abstrak: Sampai saat ini persalinan prematur masih menjadi tantangan kesehatan global. Penyebab terjadinya persalinan prematur ialah multifaktorial, meliputi faktor usia, paritas, jumlah ANC, KPD, perdarahan antepartum, dan PEB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor-faktor risiko (usia, paritas, jumlah ANC, riwayat partus preterm, KPD, perdarahan antepartum, dan PEB) dengan kejadian persalinan prematur di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang. Data yang digunakan ialah rekam medik seluruh persalinan di RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2021–2022. Sampel meliputi semua persalinan tahun 2021-2022 termasuk persalinan prematur yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan distribusi persalinan prematur terbanyak terdapat pada kategori moderate to late preterm (32 - <37 minggu) sebanyak 135 dari 199 kasus persalinan prematur. Terdapat hubungan tidak bermakna antara usia, paritas, dan KPD dengan persalinan prematur (p>0,05). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jumlah ANC, riwayat partus preterm, perdarahan antepartum dan PEB dengan persalinan prematur (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jumlah ANC, riwayat partus preterm, perdarahan antepartum dan PEB dengan persalinan prematur namun tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia, paritas, dan KPD dengan persalinan prematur.

Kata kunci: faktor-faktor risiko; persalinan prematur

Hubungan Postur Tubuh Saat Bekerja dengan Keluhan Low Back Pain pada Perawat Bedah

2025-02-09T15:18:35+08:00

Abstract: Occupational disease is a serious health problem in the world of work that has the potential to cause injuries and various musculoskeletal diseases including low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between work posture and LBP complaint among surgical nurses. Samples were surgical nurses of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital as many as 30 respondents. The results showed that the majority of respondents were ≤45 years (70%), and had LBP complaint (96,7%). Male respondents were predominant than females (53.3% : 46.7%). Based on REBA, the most frequent risk levels were high risk (50%) and moderate risk (36.7%). The Spearman correlation test obtained a p-value of 0.288 indicating a non significant relationship between work posture and LBP complaint. In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between work posture and low back pain complaint among surgical nurses at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado.

Keywords: work posture; low back pain; surgical nurse

Abstrak: Penyakit akibat kerja (occupational disease) merupakan masalah kesehatan serius dalam dunia kerja yang berpotensi menimbulkan cedera dan berbagai penyakit muskuloskeletal, termasuk low back pain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi hubungan postur tubuh saat bekerja dengan keluhan low back pain pada perawat bedah. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah perawat bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou yang berjumlah 30 responden. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan mayoritas responden berusia ≤45 tahun (70%) dan memiliki keluhan LBP (96,7%). Jumlah responden laki-laki lebih banyak daripada perempuan (53,3% : 46,7%). Klasifikasi tingkat risiko postur tubuh menggunakan REBA mendapatkan responden terbanyak dengan risiko tinggi (50%) dan sedang (36,7%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman mendapatkan nilai p=0,288 yang menunjukkan hubungan tidak bermakna antara postur tubuh responden saat bekerja dengan keluhan LBP. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara postur tubuh saat bekerja dengan keluhan low back pain pada perawat bedah RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado.

Kata kunci: postur tubuh; low back pain; perawat bedah

Perbandingan Kapasitas Vital Paksa Perokok Elektronik dan Perokok Tembakau

2025-02-09T15:43:55+08:00

Abstract: Smoking can cause reduced lung function such as decreased forced vital capacity (FVC), heart diseases, and cancer. An electronic cigarette or vape is an electrically powerful device that heats an e-liquid aerosol containing propylene, glycerin, glycol, nicotine, and various additives to produce aerosols that can be breathed. Electronic cigarettes are popular because they are considered as safer and healthier device than conventional cigarettes since they do not contain tobacco that is hazardous to health. This study aimed to find out the comparison of forced vital capacity of electronic smokers with tobacco smokers among students of Universitas Sam Ratulangi. This was an observational and analytical study with a cross-sectional study design. Samples consisted of 51 students obtained by using the purposive sampling method and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that highest percentages were found in respondents aged 20 years (39.2%), tobacco smokers (58.8%), and low FVC (76.5%). The independent sample t-test used to compare the FVC of electronic smokers with tobacco smokers obtained a p-value of 0.719 indicating there was no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, there is no significant comparison between the forced vital capacity values of electronic smokers and tobacco smokers among students of Universitas Sam Ratulangi.

Keywords: FVC, electronic smokers; tobacco smokers

Abstrak: Merokok dapat menyebabkan penurunan fungsi paru antara lain penurunan kapasitas vital paksa (KVP), penyakit jantung dan kanker. Rokok elektronik atau vape adalah sebuah perangkat berdaya listrik yang memanaskan aerosol e-liquid yang mengandung propilena, gliserin, glikol, nikotin dan berbagai perasa yang aditif untuk menghasilkan aerosol yang bisa di hirup. Rokok elektronik atau vape populer karena dianggap sebagai perangkat yang lebih aman dan sehat daripada rokok konvensional karena tidak memiliki kandungan tembakau yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan KVP perokok elektronik dan perokok tembakau pada mahasiswa Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 51 mahasiswa yang diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling serta memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan persentase tertinggi pada responden berusia 20 tahun (39,2%), perokok tembakau (58,8%), dan hasil pengukuran KVP dengan nilai low (76,5%). Hasil uji independent sample t-test terhadap KVP perokok tembakau dan elektronik memperoleh nilai p=0,719, yang membuktikan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai KVP perokok elektronik dan perokok tembakau. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah tidak terdapat perbandingan bermakna antara nilai kapasitas vital paksa perokok elektronik dan perokok tembakau pada mahasiswa Universitas Sam Ratulangi.

Kata kunci: kapasitas vital paksa; perokok elektronik; perokok tembakau

Perundungan dan Stres pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran

2025-02-16T23:07:00+08:00

Abstract: Bullying tend to occur in the educational process, including inside medical institutions. Bullying is associated with high level of stress, which may influence various aspects of life, including quality of service and patient safety. This study aimed to report various literature regarding bullying and stress in medical students. This was a systematic review study using three databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, and Clinical Key. The literatures used should be in Indonesian or English, published during the last five years. Based on the 10 studies reviewed, it was found that bullying still occurred in medical education, with a prevalence of 16% up to 86.8%. The major target of bullying was females. Bullying influenced one’s psychological, academic, and social aspects. Psychologically, bullying was associated with high level of stress, anxiety, and depression. In conclusion, bullying among medical students is associated with stress.

Keywords: bullying; stress; medical students

Abstrak: Perundungan seringkali terjadi dalam proses pendidikan, termasuk di dalam institusi kedokteran. Perundungan dikaitkan dengan stres yang tinggi, yang dapat memengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk mutu pelayanan dan keselamatan pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melaporkan kajian pustaka dari perundungan dan stres pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review dengan menggunakan tiga database, yaitu Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Clinical Key. Literatur yang digunakan dalam bahasa Indonesia atau bahasa Inggris, yang diterbitkan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Berdasarkan hasil reviu dari 10 penelitian yang didapat, ditemukan bahwa perundungan masih sering terjadi dalam pendidikan kedokteran dengan prevalensi 16% hingga 86,8%. Mayoritas sasaran perundungan ialah perempuan. Perundungan memengaruhi aspek psikolgis, akademis, dan sosial. Secara psikologis, perundungan diasosiasikan dengan stres yang tinggi, kecemasan, dan depresi. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah perundungan pada mahasiswa kedokteran diasosiasikan dengan stres.

Kata kunci: perundungan; stres; mahasiswa kedokteran

Hubungan antara Faktor Risiko dengan Kejadian Preeklampsia Berat

2025-01-19T14:15:32+08:00

Abstract: Severe preeclampsia is a complication that occurs in pregnancy as well as childbirth, and is an advanced condition of preeclampsia that is not treated appropriately. Preeclampsia usually occurs after 20 weeks of pregnancy and is characterized by increased blood pressure and proteinuria. This study aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors including age, parity, education, number of antenatal care (ANC), history of preeclampsia, and history of hypertension with the incidence of severe preeclampsia. This was an analytical and observational with a cross sectional design. Samples were all maternity mothers who were treated and had complete medical record data at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado during years 2021-2022. The results showed that there were 910 laboring mothers including 214 laboring mothers with severe preeclampsia. The chi-square test obtained p-values of<0.05 for the relationships between risk factors namely age, history of preeclampsia, and history of hypertension with the incidence of severe preeclampsia, meanwhile, p-values of>0.05 for the relationships between risk factors namely parity, education, and number of ANC with the incidence of severe preeclampsia. In conclusion, there was a significant relationship between risk factors namely age, history of preeclampsia, history of hypertension with the incidence of severe preeclampsia, however, there was no significant relationship between risk factors namely parity, education, number of antenatal care with the incidence of severe preeclampsia at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado period 2021-2022.

Keywords: severe preeclampsia; risk factors

Abstrak: Preeklampsia berat adalah komplikasi yang terjadi pada kehamilan serta persalinan dan merupakan kondisi lanjutan dari preeklampsia yang tidak ditangani dengan tepat. Preeklampsia biasanya terjadi setelah 20 minggu kehamilan ditandai dengan peningkatan tekanan darah dan proteinuria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor risiko meliputi usia, paritas, pendidikan, jumlah antenatal care (ANC), riwayat preeklampsia, riwayat hipertensi dengan kejadian preeklampsia berat. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah seluruh ibu bersalin yang dirawat dan memiliki data rekam medis lengkap di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2021-2022. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 910 ibu bersalin, diantaranya 214 ibu bersalin dengan preeklampsia berat. Hasil uji chi- square menunjukan nilai p<0,05 untuk hubungan antara faktor risiko usia, riwayat preeklampsia, dan riwayat hipertensi dengan kejadian preeklampsia berat, dan nilai p>0,05 untuk hubungan antara faktor risiko paritas, pendidikan, jumlah ANC dengan kejadian preeklampsia berat. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara faktor risiko usia, riwayat preeklampsia, dan riwayat hipertensi dengan kejadian preeklampsia berat namun tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara faktor risiko paritas, pendidikan, jumlah antenatal care dengan kejadian preeklampsia berat di RSUP Prof Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode 2021–2022.

Kata kunci: preeklampsia berat; faktor risiko

Gambaran Kasus Nyeri Bahu pada Pasien di Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado Periode Tahun 2020-2022

2025-02-19T13:51:03+08:00

Abstract: Shoulder pain is one of the leading causes of health problems with a high incidence rate increaseing with age. This condition is the third most common musculoskeletal problem encountered in primary health care visits. This study aimed to obtain the description of shoulder pain cases in patients at the Medical Rehabilitation Installation of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado from 2020 to 2022. This was a descriptive and retrospective study with a cross-sectional design. The results obtained a population of 240 patients; 223 of them met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients who came with complaints of shoulder pain in this study were dominated by patients diagnosed with frozen shoulder (43.9%), the age group of the late elderly (56–65 years) (28.3%), female gender (54.7%), had a work background as housewives (26.5%), had a previous history of hypertension (39%), and had a non-traumatic etiology of the problem (51.2%). In conclusion, patients who presented with shoulder pain were diagnosed with frozen shoulder, aged in the late old elderly, female gender, worked as housewives, had a history of hypertension, and had a nontraumatic etiology.

Keywords: shoulder pain; patient characteristics; non-traumatic etiology

Abstrak: Nyeri bahu merupakan salah satu penyebab utama gangguan kesehatan dengan tingkat kejadian yang tinggi seiring pertambahan usia dan menempati masalah muskuloskletal ketiga paling sering dijumpai dalam kunjungan ke layanan kesehatan primer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran nyeri bahu pada pasien di Instalasi Rehabilitasi Medik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado periode tahun 2020-2022. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif dengan rancangan potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan populasi sebanyak 240 pasien dengan nyeri bahu; 223 di antaranya memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pasien yang datang dengan keluhan nyeri bahu pada peneltitian ini didominasi oleh pasien yang terdiagnosis frozen shoulder (43,9%), kelompok usia masa lansia akhir (56–65 tahun) (28,3%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (54,7%), pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga (26,5%), memiliki riwayat hipertensi sebelumnya (39%), dan memiliki etiologi permasalahan secara non traumatik (51,2%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pasien dengan nyeri bahu terbanyak dengan diagnosis frozen shoulder, berusia masa lansia akhir, berjenis kelamin perempuan, pekerjaan sebagai ibu rumah tangga, mempunyai riwayat hipertensi, serta beretiologi non traumatik.

Kata kunci: nyeri bahu; karakteristik pasien, etiologi nontraumatik

Analisis Efektivitas Biaya Penggunaan Omeprazole atau Ranitidin pada Pasien Dispepsia di Instalasi Rawat Inap Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta

2025-02-16T23:16:46+08:00

Abstract: Dyspepsia is a common condition that is commonly found in daily practice. The most common drugs for dyspepsia therapy are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs). One of the factors that affects the cost of treatment that must be incurred by patients is the selection of treatment therapy. Pharmacoeconomic studies can compare the effectiveness of the two drug regimens in the treatment of dyspeptic patients. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of therapy, average total cost, and cost effective value of the use of omeprazole or ranitidine therapy in dyspeptic patients at the Inpatient Installation of one Type C Private Hospital in Minahasa. This was a descriptive and observational study using the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis method with a retrospective data collection design in the period of January-June 2023. Based on medical record data of 72 patients, there were 30 patients using omeprazole and 42 patients using ranitidine. Ranitidine was more effective than omeprazole with the number of patients who reached the target therapy as many as 32 with a percentage of 76.1%. Ranitidine had a lower average total cost of therapy in dyspeptic patients which was Rp. 2,748,045 compared to omeprazole of Rp. 3,537,487. In conclusion, the use of ranitidine therapy in dyspepsia patients is more cost effective with Average Cost Effectiveness Ratio of Rp. 3,611,097.

Keywords: dyspepsia; omeprazole; ranitidine; cost effectiveness analysis

Abstrak: Dispepsia merupakan kondisi umum yang sering ditemukan pada praktek sehari-hari. Terapi dispepsia salah satunya adalah golongan proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) dan histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs). Salah satu hal yang berpengaruh pada biaya pengobatan yang harus dikeluarkan oleh pasien adalah pemilihan terapi pengobatan. Kajian farmakoekonomi dapat membandingkan efektivitas dua regimen obat tersebut dalam pengobatan pasien dyspepsia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas terapi, rata-rata biaya total, dan nilai cost effective dari penggunaan terapi omeprazole atau ranitidin pada pasien dispepsia di Instalasi Rawat Inap salah satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Tipe C di Minahasa. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional menggunakan metode Cost-Effectiveness Analysis dengan rancangan pengambilan data secara retrospektif pada periode Januari-Juni 2023. Berdasarkan data rekam medis diperoleh 72 data pasien, terdiri dari 30 pasien yang menggunakan omeprazole dan 42 pasien yang menggunakan ranitidin. Ranitidin lebih efektif dibandingkan omeprazole dengan jumlah pasien yang mencapai target terapi sebanyak 76,1%. Ranitidin memiliki rata-rata total biaya terapi pada pasien dispepsia lebih rendah yaitu sebesar Rp. 2.748.045 dibandingkan omeprazole sebesar Rp. 3.537.487. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah penggunaan terapi ranitidin pada pasien dispepsia lebih cost effective dibandingkan omeprazole dengan nilai Average Cost Effectiveness Ratio yaitu Rp. 3.611.097.

Kata kunci: dispepsia; omeprazole; ranitidin; analisis efektivitas biaya

Hubungan antara Intensitas Penggunaan Gawai dengan Perubahan Pola Tidur Pelajar Sekolah Menengah Atas

2025-02-14T23:10:08+08:00

Abstract: Good sleep quality results in physiological and psychological balance upon awakening. Using gadgets for a long duration will affect sleep pattern. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between gadget use and changes in sleep pattern among high school students. This was an analytical and observational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were students of SMA Regina Pacis
Jakarta (senior high school), obtained by using consecutive non-random sampling technique. Sleep patterns were categorized using the PSQI questionnaire. Data were analyzed with Fisher's Exact Test. The results showed that most respondents had high-intensity device use behavior (88.4%), and most respondents had poor sleep pattern (97.6%). The statistical test obtained a p-value of 0.000 and
PR 2.68 for the relationship between the intensity of gadget use and sleep patterns. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between the intensity of gadget use and changes in sleep pattern among students of SMA Regina Pacis Jakarta. Students using gadgets with high intensity will have poor sleep patterns 2.68 times higher than those using gadgets with moderate intensity.
Keywords: intensity of gadget use; sleep patterns; senior high school students

Abstrak: Kualitas tidur yang baik menghasilkan keseimbangan fisiologis dan psiklogis pada saat terbangun. Penggunaan gawai dengan durasi lama akan memengaruhi pola tidur seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan gawai terhadap perubahan pola tidur siswa/i Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jenis penelitian ini ialah analitik observasional dengan desain
potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah siswa/i SMA Regina Pacis Jakarta, diperoleh dengan teknik consecutive non-random sampling. Pola tidur dikategorikan menggunakan kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Uji analisis statistik menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 95 siswa/i sebagai responden. Sebagian besar responden memiliki perilaku
penggunaan gawai dengan intensitas tinggi (88,4%), dan sebagian besar responden memiliki pola tidur yang buruk (97,6%). Hasil uji statistik mendapatkan nilai p=0,000 dan PR 2,68 untuk hubungan antara intensitas penggunaan gawai dengan pola tidur. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara intensitas penggunaan gawai dengan pola tidur pada siswa/i SMA Regina Pacis Jakarta. Pengguna gawai dengan intensitas tinggi akan memiliki pola tidur buruk sebanyak 2,68 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang menggunakan gawai dengan intensitas sedang.
Kata kunci: intensitas penggunaan gawai; pola tidur; pelajar SMA

Unequal Eye: A Case of Unilateral High Myopia and Anisometropia Amblyopia

2025-02-08T16:33:05+08:00

Abstract: Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a common eye condition. Unilateral myopia, where only one eye is nearsighted, poses unique challenges. The causes are complex, involving both genetics and environment. Treatment options include glasses, contact lenses, and surgery. We reported a case of a 13-year-old girl with unilateral high myopia and anisometropic amblyopia in her right eye. Despite no family history of myopia, the patient developed severe myopia in her right eye at the age of 7. A comprehensive ocular assessment was conducted, along with auxiliary tests. The patient was diagnosed with unilateral high myopia and anisometropia amblyopia. Treatment included a combination of spectacle correction, soft contact lenses, atropine eye drops, and patching therapy. Unilateral high myopia requires a thorough evaluation. The difference in eye length between the two eyes contributed to the patient's nearsightedness. Treatment options include glasses, contact lenses, orthokeratology, and surgical procedures. The patient received a personalized treatment plan with regular follow-up to monitor progress and assess treatment efficacy. In conclusion, this case underscores the importance of early detection and aggressive management of high myopia in pediatric patients to prevent further visual deterioration and potential complications.

Keywords: unilateral high myopia; amblyopia; anisometropia; management myopia

Gambaran Kadar D-Dimer pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik

2025-02-16T23:35:13+08:00

Abstract: The primary cause of ischemic stroke is atherosclerosis affecting major arteries in the neck and head. D-dimer is linked to ischemic stroke, as it is the end product of fibrin breakdown by plasmin through the fibrinolytic process. This study aimed to assess D-dimer levels in ischemic stroke patients at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. This was a descriptive and retrospective study using the total sampling method. The results showed that there were 15 patients meeting the inclusion criteria for ischemic stroke patients consisting of nine male patients and six female patients. The majority of patients were in the age group of 60-79 years (53.3%), followed by age group 40-59 years (33.3%), and age group 80-99 years as well as 20-39 years (each of 6.67%). All patients with ischemic stroke had increased D-dimer level. In conclusion, the majority of patients with ischemic stroke are males, aged over forty, and have elevated D-dimer level.

Keywords: D-Dimer; ischemic stroke

Abstrak: Penyebab utama stroke iskemik ialah aterosklerosis yang mengenai arteri besar pada leher dan kepala. D-dimer memiliki hubungan dengan stroke iskemik oleh karena merupakan produk akhir pemecahan fibrin oleh plasmin melalui proses fibrinolitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kadar D-dimer pada pasien stroke iskemik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis pasien stroke iskemik di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dengan metode total sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 15 pasien stroke yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, terdiri dari sembilan laki-laki dan enam perempuan. Pasien terbanyak pada kelompok usia 60-79 tahun (53,3%), diikuti oleh kelompok usia 40-59 tahun (33,3%), serta kelompok usia 80-99 tahun dan 20-39 tahun (masing-masing 6,67%). Pada seluruh pasien stroke iskemik didapatkan peningkatan kadar D-dimer. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah majoritas pasien stroke iskemik berjenis kelamin laki-laki, usia di atas 40 tahun, dengan peningkatan kadar D-dimer.

Kata kunci: D-Dimer; stroke iskemik