https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/eclinic <p>e-CliniC (eCl) diterbitkan oleh Perhimpunan Ahli Anatomi Indonesia bekerja sama dengan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Jurnal ini diterbitkan 3 (tiga) kali setahun (Maret, Juli, dan November). Sejak tahun 2016 e-CliniC diterbitkan 2 (dua) kali setahun (Juni dan Desember). Sejak tahun 2023 e-CliniC telah diterbitkan kembali 3 (tiga) kali setahun (Maret, Juli, dan November).</p> Universitas Sam Ratulangi en-US e-CliniC 2337-5949 <p>COPYRIGHT</p> <p> </p> <p>Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:</p> <p>Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.</p> <p>Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.</p> <p>Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).</p> https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/eclinic/article/view/49019 <p><strong>Abstract</strong>: Clinical, radiographic, and laboratory tests can be used to evaluate bone healing of fractured bone. This study aimed to analyze the impact of bisphosphonate medication on the prognosis of patients receiving open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for long bone fractures. This was a randomized controlled trial study. Information was gathered prospectively, meaning that osteocalcin level was checked on each patient who fulfilled the study's eligibility requirements. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney test or the bivariate T test was the employed statistical test. Linear regression test was applied to multiple variables. The results showed that the average age of men and women was 36 years, with a 6:4 gender ratio. Patients were divided into two groups, namely the bisphosphonate and the control groups The average pre-ORIF osteocalcin level was 12 ng/mL. In comparison to controls, patients taking oral bisphosphonates had a slightly higher mean (12.9 vs 11.5 ng/mL; p=0.017). This difference maintained following ORIF, when the mean osteocalcin level in the bisphosphonate group increased to roughly 20 ng/mL whereas it was only 16 ng/mL in the control group (p=0.002). The callus index of the patients pre-ORIF did not significantly differ from the mediolateral or anteroposterior aspects. After ORIF, differences started to be noticed where both methods of measuring the callus index produced identical results for patients on oral bisphosphonates (median 1.2) and controls (median 1.1). In conclusion, administration of sodium bisphosphonate has an influence on patients experiencing long bone fractures and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>long bone fracture; osteocalcin; callus; bisphosphonate</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penyembuhan tulang (<em>union</em>) dapat dinilai dari pemeriksaan klinis, radiologis, dan laboratorium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian bifosfonat terhadap luaran pasien fraktur tulang panjang pasca<em> open reduction internal fixation</em> (ORIF). Jenis penelitian ialah studi <em>randomized controlled trial</em>. Informasi dikumpulkan secara prospektif, yaitu setiap pasien yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian diambil datanya dan diperiksa kadar osteokalsin. Uji bivariat yang digunakan ialah uji T atau uji non parametrik Mann–Whitney, serta uji multivariat menggunakan regresi linear. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan rasio laki-laki : perempuan sebesar 6:4 dengan rerata usia 36 tahun, yang dibagi atas kelompok bifosfonat dan kelompok kontrol. Kadar osteokalsin pra ORIF secara umum sekitar 12 ng/mL. Nilai rerata tersebut sedikit lebih tinggi pada kelonmpok bifosfonat dibandingkan kontrol (12,9 vs 11,5 ng/mL; p = 0,017). Perbedaan tersebut terus bertahan pasca ORIF di mana rerata kadar osteokalsin mencapai sekitar 20 ng/mL pada kelompok bifosfonat sedangkan kontrol 16 ng/mL (p=0,002). Indeks kalus para pasien sampel pra ORIF relatif tidak berbeda baik dilihat dari aspektus anteroposterior maupun mediolateral. Perbedaan mulai terdeteksi pasca ORIF di mana kedua pendekatan penilaian indeks kalus tersebut memberikan hasil yang sama untuk pasien dengan bifosfonat oral (median 1,2) maupun kontrol (median 1,1). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pemberian natrium bifosfonat memiliki pengaruh terhadap pasien fraktur tulang panjang dengan<em> open reduction internal fixation</em> (ORIF).</p> <p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>fraktur tulang panjang; osteokalsin; kalus; bifosfonat</p> Jessie I. Ijong Haryanto Sunaryo Rangga Rawung Copyright (c) 2024 Jessie I. Ijong, Haryanto Sunaryo, Rangga Rawung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2024-04-18 2024-04-18 12 3 251 257 10.35790/ecl.v12i3.49019 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/eclinic/article/view/53393 <p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Globally, chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence and mortality rate has increased in the past 27 years. One of the intrinsic etiologies of CKD is nephrolithiasis, making renal ultrasonography important for diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the overview of renal ultrasonography in CKD patients with nephrolithiasis at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital. This was a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data in the form of medical records of CKD patients with nephrolithiasis who were performed renal ultrasonography at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 with the total sampling method. The results showed that from 76 patients analyzed, the predominance was found in 56-65 years old (36.8%), male (69.7%), 3rd severity grade of CKD (72.4%), and patients who did not undergo routine hemodialysis (61.8%). Most renal ultrasonography characteristics were normal size (61.8%), increased parenchymal echogenicity (84.2%), thinned cortex (52.6%), blurred corticomedullary echogenicity differentiation (77.6%), normal pelviocalyceal system (78.3%), and there were stones (62.5%) &lt;1 cm in size (35.5%) in the medius pole of the right kidney (30.3%) and the inferior pole of the left kidney (40.8%). In conclusion, CKD patients with nephrolithiasis were predominantly aged 56-65 years, male, classified as 3rd severity grade of CKD, and did not undergo routine hemodialysis.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> chronic kidney disease; nephrolithiasis; renal ultrasonography</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Secara global, prevalensi penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) dan angka kematian meningkat dalam kurun waktu 27 tahun terakhir. Salah satu etiologi intrinsik PGK ialah nefrolitiasis. Pemeriksaan ultrasonografi (USG) ginjal penting dilakukan untuk mendiagnosis penyakit ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran USG ginjal pada penderita PGK dengan nefrolitiasis di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medis pasien PGK dengan nefrolitiasis yang melakukan pemeriksaan USG ginjal di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou pada Juli 2022 hingga Juli 2023 dengan metode <em>total sampling</em>. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 76 pasien PGK sebagai sampel yang didominasi kelompok usia 56−65 tahun (36,8%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (69,7%), pasien yang tidak menjalani hemodialisis rutin (61,8%), dan derajat keparahan 3 (72,4%). Gambaran USG ginjal didominasi oleh ukuran normal (61,8%), ekogenisitas parenkim meningkat (84,2%), korteks menipis (52,6%), batas ekogenisitas kortikomedular mengabur (77,6%), sistem pelviokalises normal (78,3%), dan terdapat batu (62,5%) berukuran &lt;1 cm (35,5%) di <em>pole</em> medius pada ginjal kanan (30,3%) dan <em>pole</em> inferior pada ginjal kiri (40,8%). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah penderita PGK dengan nefrolitiasis didominasi oleh kelompok usia 56−65 tahun, laki-laki, derajat keparahan 3, dan tidak menjalani hemodialisis rutin.</p> <p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>nefrolitiasis; penyakit ginjal kronis; ultrasonografi ginjal</p> Natalie G. E. Tombokan Alfa G. E. Y. Rondo Martin L. Simanjuntak Copyright (c) 2024 Natalie G. E. Tombokan, Alfa G. E. Y. Rondo, Martin L. Simanjuntak https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2024-05-28 2024-05-28 12 3 258 264 10.35790/ecl.v12i3.53393 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/eclinic/article/view/53469 <p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a serious health issue and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Hypertension is one of the common underlying causes and comorbidities of CKD. Prolonged hypertension can worsen kidney function and lead to CKD. This study aimed to obtain an overview of renal ultrasonography in CKD patients with hypertension at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023. This was a retrospective and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data in the form of patient medical records. The results showed that from 80 CKD patients with hypertension, the highest percentages were in age group over 65 years (37.5%), male (53.8%), and did not undergo hemodialysis (61.3%). The predominant severity level was stage 2 with the most common features found were normal size, increased parenchymal echogenicity, normal cortical thickness, maintained corticomedullary differentiation, normal pelviocalyceal systems, and renal cyst findings. In conclusion, the majority of CKD patients with hypertension were males, aged over 65 years, did not undergo hemodialysis, and in the severity level of grade 2.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> ultrasonography; chronic kidney disease; hypertension</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penyakit ginjal kronis (PGK) menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang serius dan merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Hipertensi merupakan salah satu penyebab dan juga penyakit penyerta yang paling umum dari PGK. Hipertensi berkelanjutan dapat menyebabkan fungsi ginjal memburuk dan berujung pada PGK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ultrasonografi (USG) ginjal pada penderita PGK dengan hipertensi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou periode Juli 2022 – Juli 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif retrospektif dengan desain potong lintang yang menggunakan data sekunder berupa rekam medik pasien. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 80 pasien PGK dengan hipertensi di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou, didominasi oleh kelompok usia di atas 65 tahun (37,5%), jenis kelamin laki-laki (53,8%), dan yang tidak menjalani tindakan hemodialisis (61,3%). Derajat keparahan terbanyak yaitu derajat 2 dengan karakteristik gambaran USG yang paling sering yaitu ukuran normal, ekogenisitas parenkim meningkat, ketebalan korteks normal, batas <em>echo</em> korteks medula jelas, sistem pelviokalises normal, dan temuan kista. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mayoritas pasien PGK dengan hipertensi ialah laki-laki, usia di atas 65 tahun, tidak melakukan hemodialisis. serta keparahan derajat 2.</p> <p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> ultrasonografi; penyakit ginjal kronis; hipertensi</p> Beatrix A. N. Rori Yovana P. M. Mamesah Joan F. J. Timban Copyright (c) 2024 Beatrix A. N. Rori, Yovana P. M. Mamesah, Joan F. J. Timban https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2024-05-29 2024-05-29 12 3 265 270 10.35790/ecl.v12i3.53469 https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/eclinic/article/view/53529 <p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Uncorrected refractive errors are a leading cause of vision impairment across all age groups. In Indonesia, adolescents aged 15-18 years face the risk of eye health issues due to excessive use of electronic devices, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to obtain the prevalence of refractive errors among adolescents. This was a quantitative and descriptive study using a cross-sectional design. Subjects were tenth-grade students at SMA Rex Mundi Manado. selected through total sampling. The results showed that there were 225 subjects who underwent refractive error screening and met the inclusion criteria. Out of 225 subjects, 176 had emmetropia (normal vision) and 49 had ametropia (refractive errors). The most common type of refractive error was astigmatism, followed by myopia; no subjects had hyperopia. In conclusion, the majority of tenth-grade adolescents have normal vision (emmetropia). Among all subjects, astigmatism is the most prevalent refractive error, followed by myopia.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> refractive errors; myopia; astigmatism; adolescents</p> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p><strong> </strong><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Kelainan refraksi yang tidak terkoreksi menjadi penyebab utama gangguan penglihatan pada semua kelompok usia. Di Indonesia, remaja usia 15-18 tahun menghadapi risiko kesehatan mata akibat penggunaan perangkat elektronik berlebihan, terutama selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui prevalensi kelainan refraksi pada anak remaja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ini diambil dengan <em>total sampling</em> yaitu siswa kelas X di SMA Rex Mundi Manado yang mengikuti skrining kelainan refraksi dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu sebesar 225 responden. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan sebanyak 176 siswa dengan emetropia dan 49 siswa ametropia. Jenis kelainan refraksi terbanyak ialah astigmatisme, diikuti dengan miopia ringan; tidak didapatkan siswa yang mengalami hipermetropia. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mayoritas remaja kelas X memiliki status refraksi emetropia. Di antara seluruh subjek penelitian, prevalensi kelainan refraksi terbanyak ialah astigmatisme, diikuti dengan miopia ringan</p> <p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: kelainan refraksi; miopia; astigmatisme; remaja</p> Angeline J. Putri Anne M. S. Umboh Imelda H. M. Najoan Copyright (c) 2024 Angeline J. Putri, Anne M. S. Umboh, Imelda H. M. Najoan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2024-05-29 2024-05-29 12 3 271 276 10.35790/ecl.v12i3.53529