Prevalensi stomatitis nikotina pada buruh tambang yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.5.1.2017.15415Abstract
Abstract: Smoking is one of the causes of death that is already known by most people. Besides that, smoking can cause several diseases in the oral cavity, inter alia nicotinic stomatitis. Although there are many bad effects of smoking, the prevalence of smokers in Indonesia is still increasing. Miners belong to the largest proportion of active smokers. This study was aimed to obtain the prevalence of nicotinic stomatitis among the miners who had smoking habit. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. This study was conducted at Ratatotok mining with a population of 1.463 miners. Subjects were 94 miners obtained by using simple random sampling. The results showed that 78.7% of subjects had nicotinic stomatitis. Based on the types of cigarette, the majority (53.3%) smoked white cigarette. Based on the duration of smoking, most subjects had smoking habbit for >20 years (38.3%). Moreover, based on the number of cigarettes smoked each day, most subjects (44.7%) smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. Conclusion: The majority of miners that suffered from nicotinic stomatitis smoked white cigarettes, had smoking habit for more than 20 years, and smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day.
Keywords: smoking habit, nicotinic stomatitis
Abstrak: Rokok termasuk salah satu penyebab kematian yang umumnya telah diketahui oleh sebagian besar masyarakat. Selain penyebab kematian, rokok juga dapat menyebabkan penyakit dalam rongga mulut, salah satunya yaitu stomatitis nikotina. Meskipun banyak dampak buruk dari rokok namun prevalensi perokok di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Buruh tambang merupakan salah satu jenis pekerjaan yang mempunyai proporsi terbesar perokok aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi stomatitis nikotina pada buruh tambang yang memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah pertambangan Kecamatan Ratatotok dengan jumlah populasi buruh tambang yang terdaftar sebanyak 1463 orang. Subyrk pernelitian sebanyak 94 orang diperoleh dengan metode simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek penelitian dengan stomatitis nikotina sebanyak 78,7%. Subjek penelitian yang terlihat adanya stomatitis nikotina berdasarkan jenis rokok paling banyak pada subjek yang merokok dengan jenis rokok putih (55,3%). Berdasarkan lama merokok paling banyak pada subjek yang sudah merokok >20 tahun (38,3%), dan berdasarkan jumlah rokok yang dihisap setiap hari paling banyak pada subjek yang merokok >20 batang per hari (44,7%). Simpulan: Sebagian besar buruh tambang yang menderita stomatitis nikotina menghisap rokok dengan jenis rokok putih, sudah merokok selama >20 tahun, dan merokok >20 batang per hari.
Kata kunci: kebiasaan merokok, stomatitis nikotina
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