Gambaran Ulkus Traumatik pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Alat Ortodontik Cekat di Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.1.2.2013.3135Abstract
Ulkus traumatik merupakan lesi ulseratif pada mukosa mulut yang disebabkan oleh trauma. Salah satu penyebabnya yaitu penggunaan alat ortodontik cekat. Adanya ulkus traumatik dapat menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan pada mulut pasien selama perawatan ortodontik.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran ulkus traumatik pada pengguna alat ortodontik cekat di Program Studi Kedokteran Gigi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 61 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Data diperoleh berdasarkan wawancara terhadap responden.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 90,1% mahasiswa pengguna alat ortodontik cekat di PSKG FK-UNSRAT pernah mengalami ulkus traumatik, dimana perempuan lebih banyak mengalami ulkus dibandingkan laki-laki. Sebanyak 60% responden menyatakan ulkus pertama kali terjadi pada periode < 1 bulan setelah penggunaan alat. Lokasi terjadinya ulkus yaitu pada mukosa pipi 80% dan mukosa bibir 20%. Penyebab ulkus traumatik yang paling sering yaitu kawat (56,3%). Ulkus yang terjadi dengan frekuensi tidak teratur ditemui pada 72,7% responden. Sebanyak 43,7% responden membiarkan ulkus tanpa perawatan, 12,7% berobat ke dokter gigi dan 40% responden mengobati sendiri, dimana 63% diantaranya menggunakan obat topikal.
Kata kunci: ulkus traumatik, alat ortodontik cekat.
ABSTRACT
Traumatic ulcer is an oral mucosa ulcerative lesion caused by trauma. One of the causes is the using of fixed orthodontic appliance. Traumatic ulcer can give an uncomfortable feeling to the patients during the orthodontic treatment.
This is a descriptive study that aims to know the traumatic ulcer of the fixed orthodontic appliance users in dentistry student of Medical Faculty Sam Ratulangi University. The samples were 61 people taken by total sampling technique. Data was obtained by interviewing the respondent.
The result showed that 90.1% of orthodontic patients had experienced traumatic ulcer, more girls than boys. About 60% respondents had experienced the ulcer for the first time at period < 1 month after application. The location of traumatic ulcer in buccal mucosa is 80% and lip mucosa 20%. The most common cause of traumatic ulcer is wire (56%). Ulcer with irregular frequency found in 72.7% respondents. About 43.7% respondents left the ulcer untreated, 12.7% made dental visit, and about 40% made self-treating which 63% of them used topical medicine.
Keywords: traumatic ulcer, fixed orthodontic appliance.
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