Daya Hambat Ekstrak Spons Laut Callyspongia sp terhadap Pertubuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.1.2.2013.3151Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu mikroflora normal di rongga mulut, tetapi bisa bersifat patogen jika dipengaruhi faktor predisposisi seperti perubahan kuantitas bakteri dan penurunan daya tahan tubuh host. Beberapa penyakit dalam rongga mulut yang dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri ini yaitu abses, gingivitis, angular cheilitis, parotitis, staphylococcal mucositis dan denture stomatitis. Saat ini angka resistensi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus terhadap beberapa jenis antibiotik sudah cukup tinggi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari bahan alternatif yang dapat mengatasi bakteri ini. Spons laut merupakan hewan metazoa yang tergolong Filum porifera yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia dan dapat dijadikan bahan alternatif, karena mengandung senyawa steroid, alkaloid, flavonoid dan triterpenoid. Penelitian ini dibuat untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak spons laut Callyspongia sp. dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstraksi spons laut Callyspongia sp. menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode modifikasi Kirby-Bauer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diameter zona hambat ekstrak yang dievaporasi dengan vacuum rotary evaporator mencapai 18,1 mm. Diameter zona hambat ekstrak yang dievaporasi dengan oven mencapai 13,7 mm dan masih terlihat jelas dalam masa pengamatan 2 x 24 jam. Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak spons laut Callyspongia sp. dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang terdapat dalam rongga mulut.
Kata kunci : spons laut Callyspongia sp., daya hambat, Staphylococcus aureus.
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the normal flora in oral cavity, but these bacteria can be pathogen if there are predisposing factors such as changes in quantities of bacteria and decreasing host resistance. Some oral diseases that caused by Staphylococcus aureus are abscess, gingivitis, angular cheilitis, parotitis, staphylococcal mucositis and denture stomatitis. Nowadays, the resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus have increased. Therefore, exploration the alternative materials that can inhibite the growth of bacteria is needed. Marine sponges are metazoan animals that classified in the Phylum Porifera that found in Indonesia and can be used as the alternative materials, because it contains steroids, alkaloid, flavonoid and anthraquinone. The purpose of this study is to determine the inhibition of marine sponges Callyspongia sp. extract in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The extraction method was maceration with ethanol 96% as the solvent. This study was used modification of Kirby-Bauer method. The result showed that the clear zone diameter of extract that evaporated with vacuum rotary evaporator is 18,1 mm. The clear zone diameter of extract that evaporated with oven is 13,7 mm and the clear zone can last up to 2 x 24 hours. This study concluded that the extract of marine sponges Callyspongia sp. can inhibit the groth of Staphylococcus aureus in oral cavity.
Keywords: marine sponges Callyspongia sp., the inhibition, Staphylococcus aureus.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
COPYRIGHT
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors hold their copyright and grant this journal the privilege of first publication, with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that permits others to impart the work with an acknowledgment of the work's origin and initial publication by this journal.
Authors can enter into separate or additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (for example, post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its underlying publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (for example, in institutional repositories or on their website) as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).