Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Peel Extract in Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.9.1.2021.32847Abstract
Abstrak: Obat anti inflamasi sering diresepkan dalam bidang kedokteran gigi. Umumnya obat-obat ini memiliki efek samping beragam, dari yang ringan hingga parah seperti perdarahan lambung. Oleh karena itu, bahan anti inflamasi yang alami dan lebih aman diperlukan sebagai alternatif. Solanum betaceum Cav., dikenal sebagai terong Belanda, merupakan buah eksotik yang dapat juga dipergunakan sebagai bahan obat. Limbah buah seperti kulit dan biji biasanya tidak dikonsumsi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah dari berbagai jenis buah mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang bermanfaat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sitotoksistas dan kemampuan anti-inflamasi dari ekstrak kulit terong Belanda terhadap makrofag lini RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi oleh lipopolisakarida (LPS). Sitotoksistas diuji untuk menentukan konsentrasi yang aman dengan menggunakan metode MTS. Aktivitas anti-inflamasi dinilai dengan membandingkan kadar PGE-2, TNF-α, dan IL-1β pada sel RAW 264.7 yang distimulasi LPS antara kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak dan yang tidak diberikan ekstrak menggunakan metode ELISA. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa ekstrak kulit terong Belanda dapat menekan produksi PGE-2, TNF-α, dan IL-1β pada sel RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi dengan LPS. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah ekstrak kulit Solanum betaceum Cav memiliki kemampuan antiinflamasi melalui penekanan produksi PGE-2, TNF-α, dan IL-1β pada sel RAW 264.7 yang diinduksi LPS.
Kata kunci: ekstrak kulit Solanum betaceum Cav. (terong Belanda), sitotoksistas, antiinflamasi
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Abstract: Anti-inflammatory agents are commonly prescribed in dentistry. Most of them have side effects varying from mild to severe such as gastric bleeding. Therefore, a safer and natural anti-inflammatory agent is needed as an alternative. Solanum betaceum Cav., known as tamarillo, is one of exotic fruits used in traditional medicines. The fruit wastes such as peels and seeds, are usually unconsumed. However, many investigators have reported that wastes from numerous fruits had potent bioactive compounds. This study was aimed to assess the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of tamarillo peel extract (TPE) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The cytotoxicity of TPE was performed to determine the non-toxic concentration by using MTS method. The inflammatory markers measured in this study were PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Their concentrations were measured by using ELISA based assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by comparing the reduction of the inflammatory mediators between the LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells treated with TPE and the non-treated group. This study revealed that TPE could reduce the production of PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, tamarillo peel extract possess an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing the production of PGE-2, TNF-α, and IL-1β in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
Keywords: Solanum betaceum Cav. (tamarillo) peel extract, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory
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