Analisis Unit Cost dan Biaya Kepaniteraan Klinik Mahasiswa Profesi Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Udayana dengan Metode Activity Based Costing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.v9i2.35579Abstract
Abstract: Udayana University (UNUD) School of Dentistry (PSSKGPDG) is one of the dental school in Bali that has problems in analyzing the education cost. Based on previous financial reports, the calculation of the unit cost has been made using the activity based costing (ABC) method for the undergraduate phase. This study was aimed to determine the unit cost and the amount of clinical clerkship education costs that would be proposed using the ABC method. This was a mixed method study using a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative approach used secondary data of financial statements for the 2019/2020 academic year analyzed by using the ABC method. Meanwhile, the qualitative approach was conducted through in-depth interviews with five informants selected by purposive sampling and then was analyzed thematically. The results showed that the unit cost per semester for PSSKGPDG FK UNUD students was Rp. 61,635,692 which was greater than the unit cost previously calculated by the study program of Rp. 22,319,000. Often the unit costs that had been prepared were not below the budget plan (RAB) due to the lack of detail in budgeting by the study program. In conclusion, although PSSKGPDG prepared RAB by applying the ABC method, in the end its implementation was not fully realized due to urgent activities or budgets that exceeded the ceiling. Periodic training is needed, therefore, employees can be more thorough and detailed in preparing a budget.
Keywords: activity based costing method; unit cost; dentist clinical clerkship
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Abstrak: Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran Gigi dan Profesi Dokter Gigi (PSSKGPDG) Fakultas Kedokteran (FK) Universitas Udayana (UNUD) merupakan salah satu institusi pendidikan dokter gigi di Bali yang memiliki permasalahan dalam analisis biaya pendidikan. Berdasarkan laporan keuangan sebelumnya, perhitungan satuan biaya pendidikan sudah dibuat dengan metode Activity Based Costing (ABC) untuk fase sarjana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran biaya satuan (unit cost) dan besaran biaya pendidikan kepaniteraan klinik yang akan diusulkan dengan metode ABC. Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed method yaitu kombinasi pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan data sekunder laporan keuangan periode tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang dianalisis menggunakan metode ABC. Penelitian kualitatif dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap lima informan yang dipilih secara purposive sampling dan dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unit cost per semester mahasiswa PSSKGPDG FK UNUD sebesar Rp. 61.635.692 yang lebih besar dibandingkan unit cost yang telah dihitung sebelumnya oleh prodi sebesar Rp. 22.319.000. Seringkali unit cost yang telah disusun tidak sesuai dengan rencana anggaran biaya (RAB) dikarenakan kurang detailnya prodi membuat anggaran. Simpulan penelitian ini PSSKGPDG menyusun RAB dengan menerapkan prinsip ABC, meskipun pada akhirnya dalam penerapannya tidak terealisasikan dengan sempurna karena adanya kegiatan atau anggaran mendesak yang seringkali melebihi pagu. Pelatihan secara berkala sangat diperlukan sehingga pegawai dapat lebih teliti dan detail dalam menyusun suatu anggaran
Kata kunci: metode activity based costing; unit cost; kepaniteraan klinik
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