GAMBARAN PEMBERIAN ANESTESI LOKAL BLOK MANDIBULA DENGAN TEKNIK GOW-GATES PADA PEMINUM ALKOHOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35790/eg.2.1.2014.4015Abstract
Abstract: In Indonesia, North Sulawesi province has the highest number of alcoholics which causes bad impact on health, social life, and medical treatment. Moreover, North Sulawesi is one of the 5 provinces with the highest prevalence of dental problems in Indonesia. This prevalence is about 29.8%; 35.04% consisted of tooth extraction or oral surgery. Tooth extraction and dental surgery can cause negative impact to the alcoholics who have dental problems that need appropriate anaesthetics. This was an experimental study which aimed to determine the doses and the onset of action of anesthetics which were given to patients who were alcoholics (categorized as light, medium, and heavy). Data were processed non-statistically and were based on the observation and analysis. The results showed that the average anaesthetic dose needed for heavy alcoholics was 4.6cc; medium alcoholics 3.8cc; and light alcoholics 2.66 cc. The average onset of action in heavy alcoholics was 19 minutes; medium alcoholics 16.6 minutes; and light alcoholics 13.6 minutes.Conclusion: The more alcohol the patient consumed, the higher average of the required anesthetic dose and the longer onset of action of the anesthetics.
Keywords: mandibular block anesthesia, alcoholic, Gow-Gates technique
Abstrak: Sulawesi Utara merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah peminum alkohol terbanyak di Indonesia. Perilaku ini berdampak buruk terhadap kesehatan, kehidupan sosial, dan juga terhadap perlakuan medis. Sulawesi Utara termasuk 5 besar provinsi dengan prevalensi masalah gigi dan mulut tertinggi di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 29,8%; 35,04% di antaranya ialah tindakan pencabutan atau bedah gigi. Proses pencabutan atau bedah gigi dapat berdampak negatif terhadap peminum alkohol dengan masalah gigi dan mulut sehingga dibutuhkan tindakan anestesi yang tepat. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dosis anestesi dan onset of action pada pasien peminum alkohol yang dibagi dalam kategori peminum ringan, peminum sedang, dan peminum berat. Pengolahan data penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif non-statistik berdasarkan hasil observasi dan analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis rata-rata yang dibutuhkan oleh pasien kategori peminum berat 4,6cc; peminum sedang 3,8cc; dan peminum ringan 2,66 cc. Rata-rata onset of action pada pasien kategori peminum berat pada menit ke-19; peminum sedang pada menit ke-16,6; dan peminum ringan pada menit ke-13,6. Simpulan: Pada pasien peminum alkohol rata-rata dosis anestesi yang diperlukan lebih tinggi dan onset of action semakin lambat seiring dengan tingginya jumlah alkohol yang dikonsumsi.
Kata kunci: anestesi blok mandibula, teknik anestesi Gow-Gates, peminum alkohol
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